January                                                Thursday 2                                                      1862

[Newspaper Insert]:

[For the Evening Chronicle.]

A Voice from the Army – The “Roundheads on the Peace Party

Camp of the 100^th Reg’t, P. V., 9^th army corps,

Newport News, Va., March 14, 1863

            The 100^th Regiment, Pennsylvania Volunteers, being constituted at dress parade as a meeting for the transaction of business, Lieutenant Colonel Dawson commanding was elected President, and Captain J. H. Cline, of Company F, Secretary of the meeting. The following resolutions, previously prepared, were reported by a Committee consisting of Captain S. Bentley, Chaplain R. A. Browne, Captain J. P. Blair, Private Horace B. Durant, (Company A,) Surgeon W. C. Shurlock, Lieutenant J. Justice, and Private Wm. Taylor, (Company G.) The resolutions were first unanimously adopted, and afterwards by acclamation. They are herewith submitted to the public as the sentiment of the regiment on the questions involved: –

Whereas, A vast civil war is now convulsing our beloved country, involving the dearest  interests of man, and imperiling our fortunes and our lives, a war for which we have cheerfully yielded  up all the endearments of our homes; and whereas, on the results of the momentous struggle depend not only our liberties and future greatness as a nation, but also the triumph Freedom and Equal Rights throughout the world, and the elevation of our race in the scale of being; and, whereas, the conflict has called forth every element, both North and South, hostile to a republican form of government, a wily and desperate foe in front, and mean, cowardly abettors of treason in the rear; therefore,

                1^st. Resolved, That nonwithstanding evil influences have been brought to bear upon the army by political partizans to advance their own base designs, and give aid to the traitors at the South; also, that newspapers containing treasonable articles, denuneiatory of  the government and the constituted authorities of the nation, and magnifying the reverses of our arms, have been circulated in the army for the purpose of discouraging us to such a degree that it was hoped we would submit to a dishonorable peace, yet we spurn with contempt any proposition of Northern Copperheads for compromise, which is not only regarded with merited scorn by the enemy themselves, as coming from such an ignoble source, but declared by them to be utterly impossible. We want no peace till  the emblem of the nation shall again wave over every village and hamlet of the rebellious States.

Continued on the next page

2d. Resolved, ,That these men by their opposition at first to an armed resistance of rebellion, and their predictions that the rebellion could never be subdued, as well as their subsequent acts assisting to verify their prediction – by their lack of sympathy with the successes, and their ill-disguised satisfaction over the reverses of our Union armies; by their denunciations of what they designate as tyrannical and arbitrary acts of the administration, and their silence regarding the despotism of our foes in arms and the rebel leaders; by their sympathy with rebels taken prisoners in acts of treason and rebellion, and their utter indifference to atrocious wrongs perpetrated on true citizens of the Union in the Southern States; by their declared hatred of loyal sections, and willingness to sacrifice them as the price of a reunion with the States in rebellion; by their discouragement of enlistments and threats of opposition to drafts and conscription–glaring betray that propositions of peace and compromise from them are acts of sympathy with the rebellion, and hostility to the government engaged in maintaining a war for its own existence; that by their public acts and resolutions they give aid and comfort to the enemy, and dishearten our army, by a show of division and distraction in the loyal States; in short, they are an integral part of the rebellion, by the law of nations traitors, and as such should suffer the traitor’s doom.

                3d. Resolved, that there is no other means now at our disposal for suppressing the rebellion and restoring peace that an active and determined prosecution of the war, until every vestige of treason and its accursed cause shall be effaced forever.

                4^th. Resolved, That we are as willing to incur danger and undergo toil now as ever, and that any assertions of a treasonable press to the contrary are lying, shameless slanders upon the whole army, and upon the veteran 9^th Army Corps and the 100^th Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers in particular.

                5^th. Resolved, That we do give, and we believe it to be the duty of all loyal citizens and soldiers to give, a hearty approval to the several acts of the administration to overthrow the rebellion; and as threats of opposition to the late conscript act are now made, as we are informed, by traitors and rebels at home, we wish it understood that we heartily approve that act, and call upon the government strictly and impartially to enforce it, and, if need be, to use the army now in the field to make men who have heretofore enjoyed in their homes the protection of our arms, to bear their equal share in our tolls and perils.

                6^th. Resolved, That we regard with pleasure the means now being used by our loyal friends to oppose traitors and treason at home, we would urge upon them the most vigilant efforts, and, if need be, the most decisive and summary measures to that effect consistent with law. To these loyal men we would say, our hearts are with you in the noble work, and your example in turn shall cheer your sons and brothers far away upon the tented field. To sympathizers with rebellion we would solemnly utter the warning that persistence in their course can scarcely fail, among its first results, to bring to their own doors, with all its horrors, the civil war which as yet, happily, has only ravaged our southern borders.

                7^th. Resolved, That Andrew G. Curtain deserves the heartfelt thanks of all Pennsylvania soldiers, to whom, in an eminent degree, both in active service and in the hospital, he has been a friend and benefactor. To his untiring energy and patriotism the whole country is indebted, and his name cannot fail to be immortal on the page of our national history.

                8^th. Resolved, that a copy of these resolutions be sent to the loyal papers at home, with a request for their publication. M. M. Dawson, Lt. Col. Com’m Pres’t J.H. Cline, Captain commander……

………………………………………………………………………………………………January                                                Saturday 4                                                       1862

Song of the 9^th Army Corps.

________  

Composed by Chaplain Harris Howard,

And sung by a part of the 9^th Army Corps, while going from Cairo to Vicksburg

________ 

[The 9^th Army Corps is becoming noted for its travels. Down the Atlantic coast; back to Virginia; up into Maryland; down to Fredericksburg; then to Newport News; next to Kentucky: then to Vicksburg, and now back to Kentucky – in all, several thousands of miles]

A fleet of splendid steamers

            Floating in their pride,

With music, swelling over

            The Mississippi’s tide,

Speed a band of soldiers

            To the battle-scene below-

On the way to Vicksburg,

            We sail from Ca-i-ro.

Our steamer is the Anderson-

            The gallant hero’s name,

Whose banner, waved o’er Sumter-

The first in treason’s flame.

‘Twas there the rebel war began;

            To finish it we go;

On the way to Vicksburg,

            We sail from Ca-i-ro.

We left our noble Burnside,

            And the beatles of Kentucky,

To go down to Mississippi,

            To General Grant, the plucky.

Our cause and our commanders,

            True lead patriots to go-

On the way to Vicksburg;

            We sail from Ca-i-ro.

From this “father of the waters”

            To the Father of us all,

As we go to fight the traitors,

            For assistance we will call.

Our fathers’ God may help us

            To strike the final blow,

On the way to Vicksburg,

            We sail from Ca-i-ro.

All the bravel will live in story

            For the gallant part they bore

To save our nation’s glory,

            When the battle strife is o’er.

Of ye winds and waters, speed us

            As steaming on we go;

On the way to Vicksburg,

            We sail from Ca-i-ro.

___

Or – In the old Ninth Army Corps

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January                                                Sunday 5                                                         1862

[Newspaper Insert]:

The 9^th Army Corps

General Grant bid farewell to the 9^th Army Corps (Burnside’s old corps), which assisted in the reduction of Vicksburg, in the following address:

Headquarters Dep’t of the Tennessee

Vicksburg, July 31, 1863.

In returning the 9^th Army Corps to its former command, it is with pleasure that the General commanding acknowledges its valuable services in the campaign just closed. Arriving at Vicksburg opportunely, taking the position to hold at bay Johnston’s army, then threatening the forces investing the city, it was ready and eager to assume the aggressive at any moment.

After the fall of Vicksburg it formed part of the army which drove Johnston from his position on the Big Black River, into his intrenchmeuts [entrenchments] at Jackson, and after a siege of eight days, compelled him to fly in disorder from the Mississippi Valley. The endurance, valor and general good conduct of the 9^th Corps are admired by all, and it’s valuable cooperation in achieving the final triumph of the campaign, is gratefully acknowledged by the Army of the Tennessee. Major General Parke will cause the different regiments and batteries in his command to inscribe upon their banners and guidons, “Vicksburg” and “Jackson.”

By order of Maj. Gen. U. S. Grant

L. S. Bowers, A. A. A. G.

[Newspaper Insert]:

Colored Troops in the War. – Democratic papers say that there were but about a thousand colored soldiers lost in the war. The official facts show that 2,997 were killed in battle, and 26, 301 died of disease contracted in the army, making a total of 29, 298 out of 180,017 colored troops enlisted.

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Page 6                                                                                                                         1862

[Newspaper Insert]:

GENERAL BURNSIDE                 

            Major General Burnside and staff left Knoxville on the 12^th, and arrived in this city, yesterday, about noon. They had a severe journey through the mountains, but made good time. The General received a salute, upon landing at the Covington depot, from a squad of artillery detailed from Newport Barracks. Early in the evening he was serenaded at the Burnet House , and made a few remarks. He said that he did not claim for himself the credit of the campaign in East Tennessee. That belonged to the private soldiers, non commissioned officers and officers. He never was associated with an army in which every man seemed more determined to do his whole duty, than was the Army of the Ohio, through all the trying scenes they had passed. During the siege of Knoxville, not a man flinched. Every one did all he could, and neither by look, or word, or deed, gave expression to a possibility of failure. In this unanimity of devotion to the cause was their safety, and out of it came success. When the history of this war was fairly written, and its facts fully understood, it would appear that in all the armies and campaigns it had been as he testified it was with the Army of the Ohio in East Tennessee, the honor belonged chiefly to the rank and file. There were as good men serving as private soldiers as any of the officers; and the cases were not few in which the men were better than the officers.

            The appearance of General Burnside is that of robust health. The illness from which he is reported to have suffered since the siege of Knoxville was raised, was a slight attack of rheumatism. The General’s opinion is that the rumors of reverses in East Tennessee, and of the resumption of a menacing attitude by Longstreet, have very little foundation in fact. General Longstreet and army retired from in front of Knoxville sorely troubled in mind and body, and lost largely as reported, in deserters and stragglers, and siege guns abandoned. The enemy is in no position to undertake an offensive campaign, and the Federal force in East Tennessee is much larger than General Burnside had there. The newspaper reports of the siege of Knoxville have been full and accurate.

Continued on Page 7

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Page 7                                                                                                                            1862

[Continued from page 6]

General Burnside has not resigned his commission. He tendered his resignation, and it was not accepted. He was relieved of the command of his department and ordered to report at Washington, which he is proceeding to do promptly, leaving for that city on the 10 o’ clock train last night.

It is understood, among those having means of being well informed, that the difficulties that have resulted in the relief of General Burnside from command in the Department of the Ohio, took their rise in something resembling incompatibility of temper, between General Burnside and General Halleck. Those who have read the late report of the General-in-chief are aware that its animus toward General Burnside is not friendly.

The military management of General Burnside, during his stay in the west, has been marked by several distinguished successes, and no material reverse. John Morgan visited his department, on one of his favorite raids, and with his whole force, horse and rider, and artillery, was gobbled.

Kentucky has enjoyed a season of peace and quiet. The 9^th Army Corps was detached to reinforce General Grant, before Vicksburg, and after the surrender of Pemberton, made the march with Sherman to Jackson, Returning, it took part in the movement into East Tennessee, which was made with such promptness as to surprise both friends and foes. Few severer blows have been given the rebellion than that of the sudden occupation of East Tennessee by the Army of the Ohio. With such celerity and skill were our troops handled,, that but on life was lost in possessing East Tennessee; and a whole brigade of rebels, under General Frazer, with several batteries of artillery; were captured at Cumberland Gap without the firing of a gun. This circumstance the rebels are not yet done bewailing, as Jeff Davis’ late message gives evidence. In the cavalry skirmishing in East Tennessee, we are at least even with the rebels, and General Burnside’s name will always be conspicuous in the honorable record made by the Army of the Ohio in the fight with Longstreet at Campbell’s Station, the bloody repulse of the best division of troops

Continued on the next page

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Page 8                                                

January                                                Wednesday 8                                                  1862

Continued from last page

to the rebel army, at Fort Saunders, and the steady and glorious defense of Knoxville.

            General Longstreet’s loss, during his operations commencing at Loudon, up to the time he had reached Rogersville, was not less than five thousand men and nine pieces of artillery. Our loss during the same period does not exceed, and hardly equals, fifteen hundred. It was the expectation of the rebels, when Longstreet was detached from Bragg’s army, with a force greatly superior in number to that which General Burnside commanded (the country would be startled if the numerical superiority of the rebel force were made known) that they would be able to “occupy and possess” East Tennessee speedily, and take the Army of the Ohio, with all its artillery and train. Their total defeat is on of the most important results of the war. While Longstreet was baffled and lingering before Knoxville, Bragg’s army was whipped, and Jeff Davis’ programme for driving the Yankees out of Tennessee was at an end. Certainly no small share of the credit belongs to General Burnside and his gallant army.

[Newspaper Insert]:

General Burnside and Hooker.

            In holding Knoxville against the superior army of Longstreet, until relieved by reinforcements below, General Burnside has done that good service to the National cause which may be classed with the most important victories of the war. He has fully redeemed his failure at Fredicksburg, as Hooker, in his brilliant battle “above the clouds,” has redeemed his failure at Chancellorsville. If in their failures they lost thousands of men to no purpose, in their successes they have saved thousands of men who otherwise would have been sacrificed. “Honor to whom honor is due.” – [N. Y. Herald.

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Page 9

January                                                Thursday 9                                                      1862

 Major Gen A. E. Burnside

[Newspaper Insert]:

            In accordance with an order from Gen Shackleford, the officers of the cavalry corns met on the evening of the 10^th and the following are the proceedings of the meeting:

            On motion of Col. Woolford, Brig. Gen. Shackleford was called to the chair, who, upon taking his seat, addressed the meeting in an able and eloquent speech, enthusiastically expressing his love and respect for Gen. Burnside.

            On motion Col. Woolford was appointed Vice President, and Capt. J. E. Hoffman, Secretary.

            A committee was then appointed, comprising the commanding officer of the corps, the commanding officer of each division, brigade and regiment in the corps.

            It being quite late, the meeting adjourned till the next evening to hear the report of the committee, when the following preamble and resolutions were offered and unanimously adopted:

            Whereas, Maj. Gen. Burnside, commanding the Army of the Ohio, is about leaving the army;

            And whereas, we, the officers of the cavalry corps, have been under his command since he assumed the command of the Department of the Ohio – and have followed him through his entice campaign into East Tennessee, having become strongly attached to him; therefore

            Resolved, That in General Burnside we have found a true gentleman, a man of the highest sense of honor, the purest integrity and most unselfish patriotism and a man who loves and serves his God.

            Resolved, That as an officer and leader he has throughout his entire military career, given abundant evidence of his superior skill, judgment and [undaunted] courage.

            Resolved, That is successful, heroic and triumphant defiance of the city of Knoxville, against an inveterate  , overwhelming in numbers, he displayed unsurpassed fortitude  indomitable, unceasing [watchfulness] and wonderful resources of mind in caring for and applying the garrison, inspiring his offices and men with the same determined spirit that  characterized his every action.

            Resolved, That we tender is our Chief our deep felt gratitude and tanks for the universal kindness with which he has treated the officers and men in his command.

            Resolved, That a copy of the preamble and resolutions be furnished to Maj. Gen. Burnside by the Secretary of the meeting.

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January                                                          10                                                          1862

[Newspaper insert]:

[Communicated.

General Burnside and Rosecrans

            Eds. Com. – As some reflections are cast upon General Burnside for not having reinforced General Rosecrans, I beg leave, in vindication of the gallant Burnside, to state a few facts not known to men who are ignorant of the geography of that country. I claim to know the country occupied by both armies. I traveled through North Georgia as early as 1829, and lodged with the Cherokees, before the whites occupied the country, and before there were good roads of any kind. I have been traveling over that section, and East Tennessee, ever since, in every conceivable way, and therefore it is that I know the country.

            First It is one hundred and ten miles from Knoxville to Chattanooga, and it is about forty-five miles from Chattanooga to Lafayette, (in the neighborhood of where the fighting began) still further south. Buckner, in retreating from Knoxville, burned the bridges behind him, rendering it impossible for General Burnside to reinforce General Rosecrans with any speed; besides, General Burnside had to keep an eye to the East, where in twenty-four hours an army of twenty thousand men could be poured down upon him from Lynchburg, on the great Virginia and Tennessee Railroad, in full possession of the rebels.

            The country in North Georgia is rather a level country, with hills and ridges springing up at intervals, and separating one valley from another. The streams are sluggish and the banks usually high. The country is thickly timbered, with a heavy undergrowth making it rather impassable for the operations of a large army.

            For my part, I have every confidence in our ultimate success. Let Rosecrans be reinforced, and he will whip the whole Confederacy. The mediation I advocate, is that of the cannon and the sword; and let there be no armistice, on sea or land, until all the rebels, front and rear, North and South, are subjugated or exterminated. And then let condign punishment be speedily meted out to the surviving leaders in this unholy crusade against civilization. My motto is, Greek fire for the masses, and hell-fire for the leaders. And none but the loyal should be consulted in the great casting up of these accounts.

                                                W. G. Brownlow

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Page 11          

January                                                Saturday 11,                                                    1862

[Newspaper insert]:

Headquarters Department of the Ohio

Cincinnati, April 13, 1863.

General Order No. 38.

            The Commanding General publishes for the information of all concerned, that hereafter all persons found within our lines who commit acts for the benefit of the enemies of our country, will be tried as spies or traitors, and if convicted will suffer death. This order includes the following class of persons:

Carriers of secret mails.

Writers of letters sent by secret mail.

Secret recruiting officers within the lines.

Persons who have entered into an agreement to pass our lines for the purpose of joining the enemy.

Persons found concealed within our lines belonging to the service of the enemy, and in fact all persons found improperly within our lines who could give private information to the enemy.

All persons within our lines who harbor, protect, conceal, feed, clothe, or in any way aid the enemies of our country.

The habit of declaring sympathies for the enemy will no longer be tolerated in this Department. Persons committing such offense will be at once arrested with a view to being tried as above states, or sent beyond our lines into the lines of their friends.

It must be distinctly understood that treason expressed or implied, will not be tolerated in this department.

All officers and soldiers are strictly charged with the execution of this order.

By command of

            Major General A. E. Burnside

Lewis Richmond, Ass’t Adj’t General.

Official: D. K. Larned, Capt. and A. A. G.

[Text written in margins]:

The traitor Clement C. Valandingham was arrested at his residence under General order No 38

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Page 12

[Newspaper insert]:

General orders, No. 376. – 1. it is hereby ordered that volunteers now in service, re-enlisting as veteran volunteers, under General Orders 191 from this office, shall have at least a furlough of thirty days previous to the expiration of their original enlistment.           

            This privilege will be secured to the volunteers, either by ordering all so re-enlisting, with their officers to report in their respective States, through the Governors, to the Superintendent of the recruiting service for furloughs to the men individually.

            2. Mustering officers shall make the following stipulation on the muster-in rolls of veteran volunteers now in service re-enlisting as above, “To have a furlough of at least thirty days in their States before expiration of original term.”

            3. Commanding Generals of departments and armies are hereby authorized to grant the aforesaid furloughs within the limit of the time fixed in compliance with this order, as the demands of the service will best permit, reporting their action to the Adjutant General of the Army.

            In going to and from their respective States and home, the veteran volunteers furloughed as herein provided will be furnished with transportation by the Quartermaster’s department.

            When the three-fourths of a regiment of company re-enlist, the volunteers so enlisted may be furloughed in a body for at least thirty days, as aforesaid, to go home with their officers to their respective States and districts to reorganize and recruit, and the individuals of companies or regiments who do not re-enlist shall be assigned to duty in other companies and regiments until the expiration of their term of service.

            By order of the Secretary of War.

                        E. D. Townsend, A. A. G.

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Page 13

January                                                Monday 13                                                      1862

Roundheads re-inlist – on furlough

[Newspaper insert]:

The “Roundheads” in Town – Arrival of the 45^th and 51^st Pennsylvania Regiments

            The “Roundhead” regiment, under command of Colonel Leasure, arrived on Saturday afternoon, and were marched to the “Girad House.” Here they stacked arms and left their baggage, after which they proceeded to the hall of the Subsistence Committee, where they found a warm supper awaiting them, and to which they did ample justice. After they had partaken of the good things set before them, the regiment was formally received by Mayor Lowry, in a very neat speech, to which Colonel Leasure responded at considerable length. The Colonel is a forcible and eloquent speaker, as well as a brave and accomplished officer. The men were provided with comfortable quarters at the Girad House.

            On Sunday morning they met at City Hall to receive their furloughs, and then proceeded in a body to the Lutheran Church on Seventh street, where they heard a very eloquent and appropriate sermon from the pastor, Rev. R. Hill, “On the Duties of a Christian Soldier.” The closing remarks of the Rev. gentleman’s discourse, in which he referred particularly to this regiment, were exceedingly happy and impressive. After the services were concluded, Col. Leasure made a short address to the men, in which he referred to the last time they attended service in a church was at Beaufort, South Carolina, “just before they received their first baptism of blood at Fort Pemberton,” in which battle they suffered severely. His remarks were well timed and quite eloquent.

            In the evening, the greater part of the men attended the United Presbyterian church, (Dr. Joseph Prestly’s) where they heard a special discourse from the Rev. Mr. Stewart, Chaplain of the “old Thirteenth.” The regiment left this morning for New Castle, where a warm reception awaits them.

[Text written in margins]:

Three fourths of the Roundheads reinlist under General Orders No. 376 – Their reception in Pittsburgh.

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Page 14

Tuesday 14                                                                                                                  1862

The battle of Chantilly, Va. was fought Sept. 1^st 1862

[Newspaper insert]:

Written for the Waverley Magazine

At Chantilly, Va.

He fell at my side, my innocent boy

            When the bullets were flying,

            And the shrieks of the dying

Mocked the loud bugle notes of the “Soldier’s Joy.”

He was scarce sixteen, why was he there?

            Shot through the head,

            We took him for dead,

So clotted with blood was his beautiful hair.

He lay not long in the spot where he fell,

            For I bore him away

            From the battle’s fierce fray,

The flying of shot, and the bursting of shell.

And I laid him down, his heart still beating,

            When we escaped the ire

            Of the murderous fire

Of the rebels, who, I thought, were slowly retreating.

Then I bent o’er my love, all mangled and bleeding,

            Who to my surprise,

             Op’ed his beautiful eyes,

Still my presence, his own father’s presence unheeding.

Striving to speak – with the greatest emotion,

            The one word, “mother!”

            He spoke, and no other,

And this made my eyes swim in a miniature ocean.

At that moment a rebel, as fierce as a Sepoy,

            Through the smoke and dust

            Made a bayonet thrust

At the heart of my boy, my beautiful boy.

Then my darling died – he was dying before-

            And after I killed

            The assassin who filled

My soul with the horror I care not to ye o’er.

I left my dead boy to return to my men,

            And in the thick of the flight

            I fought till night

Closed darkly down o’er the terrible scene.

I came out safe, but my darling sleeps,

            All shoudless,

            And coffinless,

In the grave they made him, while his mother sleeps.

                                                            Ina Clayton.

[Text written in margins]:

Chantilly was the third engagement that I had a “hand in” fought September 1^st 1862 The Union Army  lost two of her ablest Generals in the battle [were] L. L. Storans and Philip Kearney.

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Page 15

[Newspaper insert]:

                                                                                    [Communicated.

“Straps” at a Discount --- An Officer’s Experience

Kelton Barracks, Cinncinnati, O.,

February 4, 1864

Eds. Com.  – I never received but one compliment in the military service, and that is too good to keep, A few months since, while in New York, I had the pleasure of listening to the talented Bishop Simpson, and just at the close of the service, an old lady came to me with extended hand. I gladly grasped it – the token of a loving heart. I wore no shoulder-straps, and it was evident that the good old lady mistook me for a private, for as the tear-drop glistened in her eye, and rolled along down her furrowed cheek, she said: “ I love the poor wounded soldiers, and pray earnestly for them every day; but the officers, I don’t think much of.” My fair cousin, on my left, laughed outright, no doubt enjoying the joke much better than I did.

Last evening I visited Wesley Chapel, on Fifth street. The pastor was unable to preach, and the desk was filled b an elderly brother. The subject was quite interesting, viz: the “Rich man and Lazarus.” The room being lighted with gas, the arguments advanced were made doubly clear. I will not attempt an exegesis of the sermon; suffice it to say, it was delivered with some emphasis. The house was crowded with attentive men and women, the soldiers fairly represented. The old men grew eloquent, as he assigned each to his proper place – the rich men on one side and the poor on the other. But witness my surprise, when he left no room any where for officers. With wide-spread arms, he clasped the privates, and folded them to his heart of hearts, but said he had not much respect for “straps” and I thought so, too. This was a “cutter,” sure. Oh, had I been steel, must have felt then. I looked around in vain for sympathy. Mine were the only straps present. The laughing eyes of youth and beauty were all turned strapward.

Unfortunately there was no chance for retreat, and if there had been I was not versed in the “tactics.” General Grant failed to instruct his men in the “retreat.” In a word I was outflanked – surrounded, and nothing was left but to surrender. I consoled myself with the following:

Must Simon bear his cross alone,

            And all the world go free?

No1 there’s a cross for every one,

            And there’s a cross for me.

One word to my brother officers:

We must redeem ourselves, or those aspirants for “Chaplains’ position” will work our entire ruin. I honor a true minister of the gospel, but I brand blackguards wherever I find them.

                                                            Very respectfully,

                                                             W. A. De La Martyr

                                                              Captain 29^th Wis. Vol. Inf. 

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Page 16

[Newspaper insert]:

Texas – Order of General Dana.

Headquarters, United States Forces,

Pass Cavalla, Texas, January 30, 1864

General Orders No. 14

            It is known to the world that, on the 8^th day of December, ultimo, the President of the United States published a proclamation which touched the heart and inspired the tongue of every lover of liberty on the civilized earth. Its burden is pardon and liberty; “Thy sins be forgiven thee;” “Let the oppressed go free.”

            Such parental care of a people has not been exhibited to the world since the patriarchal days of old – not since the Savior of men cried to the multitude: “Come unto me all ye that labor and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest.”

            In order that the deluded and oppressed people of this State may be enlightened and informed on the subject, and may rejoice at the dawning of the day from behind the black night which has surrounded them with darkness which might be felt, and enabled the evil spirits to work upon them, it is directed that a sufficient number of copies of the President’s Proclamation be printed, at these headquarters, to supply whatever demand there may be for the same, coming from each and every company in the command; and all officers and men are desired to use every opportunity, which properly presents itself, to distribute them in the interior of the State.

            It is further ordered that all persons, now or hereafter with the lines, who have ever claimed to be citizens of the United States, or of the so-called Confederate States, or who have aided or comforted the rebels in their hostility against the United States, and who have not, since the commencement of the rebellion, taken an oath renewing their allegiance to the United States, may have the opportunity of enjoying the full benefits of the said proclamation, by voluntarily taking the oath therein contained.

            The Provost Masbal is required to take a census of the publication now within the lines, in order that such persons as may not wish to enjoy the benefits of the proclamation may be known, and be assigned a convenient place of residence where they will not have an opportunity to do injury to the cause for which we fight. He will proceed, in the most thorough manner possible, and will give public notice of his orders and regulations, to consummate the end in view, and will report, on the 10^th day of February, proximo, the lists of those persons who refuse the benefits of the proclamation. By order of

                                                                                    Major General N. J. T. Dana.

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January                                               Friday 17,                                                        1862

[Newspaper insert]:

“Whistling Dick” Rodman. – This is the name given by our soldiers to a gun which the rebels have in their batteries just below Vicksburg, distinguishable from all other Confederate weapons of defense by the noise with which it announces its presence and mission. It throws a solid shot, about eight inches long and three inches in diameter, shaped somewhat like an augur, and intended, I believe, to pierce ironclad vessels. In passing through the air the ball makes a tremendous whiz, as if all the imps in the lower regions were practicing phonetics on the final letter of the alphabet. We have not yet had an opportunity of witnessing its effects upon any of our gunboats, though the rebels have made several attempts with it, as upon the Indianola and Queen of the West. The gun is “trained” for the mouth of the canal, and will be heard from in due time.

[Newspaper insert]:

            We have interesting letters this morning from our Knoxville correspondent, down to the 12^th inst. There was no news of startling importance. A flag of truce, sent out to Strawberry Plains, confirms with the report, in our dispatches of the 10^th, of the completion of the railroad up to that point. In a conversation with the rebel officers, the latter were pained when informed that Mr. Lincoln had the inside track for the Presidency,, and excessively grieved when assured that McClellan stood no chance. They considered General McClellan our best man. This is a well-merited compliment, for there is no better man for the rebel cause in all the country, this side of rebeldom, than Mr. Never Ready, He has done more for them than they have done for themselves. It is meet and right, therefore that they should mourn because of his poor prospects for the Presidency.

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January                                                Saturday 18                                                     1862

[Newspaper insert]:

LETTER FROM THE PRESIDENT LINCOLN.

______

A Clear and [unreadable] Exposition of Policy.

______

            The correspondence between President Lincoln, Governor Bramlette and others, growing out of the late enrollment controversy in Kentucky, has been published. This following letter by the President, is one of the ablest productions of his pen: –

                                                                                                            Executive Mansion

                                                                                                            Washington, April 4.

“A. G. Hodges, Esq., Frankfort, Ky.:

“ My Dear Sir – You ask me to put in writing the substance of what I verbally said, the other day, in your presence, to Gov. Bramlette and Senator Dixon, It was about as follows:

            “I am naturally anti-slavery. If slavery is not wrong, nothing is wrong. I cannot remember when I did not so think and feel. – And yet, I have never understood that the Presidency conferred upon this judgment and feeling. It was in the oath I took, that I would do the best of by ability, preserve, protect, and defend the Constitution of the United States. I could not take the office without taking the oath. Nor was it my view, that I might taken an oath to get power, and break the oath in using the power. I understood, too, that in ordinary civil administration, this oath even forbade me, to practically indulge my primary abstract judgment on the moral question of slavery. I had publicly declared this many times, and in many ways – And I aver that, to this day, I have done now official act in mere deference to my abstract judgment and feeling on slavery.

            “I did understand however, that my oath to preserve the Constitution to the best of my ability, imposed upon me the duty of preserving, by every indispensable means, that Government – that Nation, of which that Constitution was the organic law. Was it possible to lose the Nation, and yet preserve the Constitution?

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January,                                               Sunday 18,                                                      1862

[Newspaper insert]:

            “By general law, life and limb must be protected; yet often a limb must be amputated to save a life; but a life is never wisely given to save a limb. I feel that measures, otherwise wise and constitutional, might become lawful, by becoming indispensable through the preservation of the nation. Right or wrong, I assumed this ground, and now avow it. I could not feel that to the best of my ability I had even tried to preserve the Constitution, if to save slavery or any miner matter, I should permit the wreck of Government, Country, and Constitution, all together, When early in the war General Fremont attempted military emancipation, I forbade it because I did not then think it an indispensable necessity. – When a little later, General Cameron, then Secretary of War, suggested the arming of the blacks. I objected because I did not yet think it an indispensable necessity. When, still later, General Hunter attempted military emancipation, I again forbade it, because I did not yet think the indispensable necessity had come.

            “When in March, and May, and July, 1862, I made earnest and successive appeals to the Border States, to favor compensated emancipation. I believe the indispensable necessity for military emancipation, and arming the blacks would come, unless averted by that measure. They declined the proposition, and I was, in my best judgment, driven to the alternative, of either surrendering to the Union, and with it, the Constitution, or of laying strong hand upon the colored element. I chose the latter. In choosing it, I hoped for greater gain than loss: but of this I was not entirely confident. More than a year of trial now shows no loss by it in our foreign relations, none in our home popular sentiment; none in our white military force – no less by it anyhow or anywhere. On the contrary, it

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January                                                Monday 20                                                      1862

Continued from last page

[Newspaper insert]:

shows a gain of quite a hundred and thirty thousand soldiers, seamen and laborers. These are palpable facts, about which, as facts, there can be no caviling. We have the men, and we could not have had them without the measure.

            “And now, let any Union man, who complains of the measure, test himself, by writing down in one line, that he is for subduing the rebellion by force of arms, and in the next, that he is for taking these hundred and thirty thousand men from the Union side, and placing them where they would be, but for the measure he condemns. If he cannot face his cause so stated, it is only because he cannot face the truth.

            “I add a word, which was not in the verbal conversation. In telling this tale, I attempt no compliment to my own sagacity. I claim not to have controlled events, but confess plainly, that events have controlled me. Now, at the end of three years struggle, the nation’s condition is not what any party or any man devised or expected. God alone can claim it. Whither it is tending seems plain. If God now wills the removal of a great wrong, and wills that we of the North, as well as your of the South, shall pay fairly for our complicity in that wrong, impartial history will find therein new cause to attest and reverse the justice and goodness of God. Yours, truly, A. Lincoln.

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January                                                Tuesday 21,                                                     1862

[Newspaper insert]:

Garibaldi to Lincoln

            The following letter from Garibaldi and other Italian liberals has been published.

                                                                                                      Caprera, August 6, 1863

To Abraham Lincoln, Emancipator of Slaves in the American Republic:

            If in the midst of your Titanic battles our voice can yet reach you, let us, O Lincoln, free sons of Columbus, send you a word of good wishes and of admiration for the great work that you have begun.

            Heir of the aspirations of Christ and of John Brown, you will pass to posterity, with the name of the Emancipator; more enviable than any crown or any human treasure.

            An entire race of me, bowed by selfish egotism, under the yoke of slavery, is at the price of the noblest blood of America, restored by you to the dignity of man, to civilization and to love.

            America, mistress of liberty to our fathers, opens again the solemn epoch of human progress, and while she astonishes the world by her gigantic daring, she makes us sorrowfully think how this old Europe, which also fights so great a battle for liberty, finds neither mind not heart to equal hers. While the revelers in despotism raise their bacchanalian rejoicing over the fall of a free people, let freemen religiously keep sacred the day of the fall of slavery. There are mysterious parallels in history – the robbery of Mexico, and the Lincoln Proclamation. Prosperity to you, Abraham Lincoln, pilot of liberty; hail to all you who for two years have fought and died around her regenerating banner; weal to you, redeemed sons of Ham – the free man of Italy kiss the glorious marks of your chains.

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January,                                               Wednesday 22                                                            1862

[Newspaper insert]:

A Tribute to Loyal Women.

            At the close of the Patent Office Fair in Washington on Friday night, Mr. Lincoln, in answer to loud and continuous calls, made the following remarks: “Ladies and Gentlemen: I appear to say but a word. This extraordinary war in which we are engaged falls heavily upon all classes of people, but the most heavily upon the soldier. For it has been said, all that a man hath will he give for his life; and while all contribute of their substance, the soldier puts his life at stake, and often yields it up on his country’s cause, The highest merit, then, is due to the soldier. [Cheers.]

            “In this extraordinary war extraordinary developments have manifested themselves, such as have not been seen in former wars., and among these manifestations nothing has been more remarkable than these Fairs for the relief of suffering soldiers and their families. And the chief agents in these Fairs are the women of America. [Cheers.] I am not accustomed to the use of language of eulogy; I have never studied the art of paying compliments to women; but I must say that if all that has been said by orators and pets since the creation of the world in praise of women were applied to the women of America, it would not do them justice for their conduct during this war. I will close by saying God bless the women of America!” [Great applause]

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January                                                Thursday 23                                                    1862

[Newspaper insert]:

A Felicitous Comparison

            Henry ward Beecher has said few better things than the following, which we find in one of his sermons: “We have a large number of conservative persons among us, who, in looking upon the condition of this nation, have great fear on account of the various destruction that takes place for the salvation of the country [unreadable text] the first place, they are exceedingly troubled in regard to the destruction of the Constitution. To be sure, four million men have resurrection; four million men are touched with the light of the rising glory of liberty; but that is nothing. It is the breaking of the Constitution that they think of. An owl sits in a tree to see an eagle hatch its egg, and by-and-by, when the shell is cracked to let the young eagle out, the owl hoots, ‘Spoiling, spoiling, spoiling the shell!’ What is the shell to the eagle that is inside of it? And what is the Constitution but the shell of the spirit of liberty? It was ordained for liberty; and when it is broken, that the eagle, Liberty, may come forth, the owls hoot! They know the shell, but they do not know the eagle!”

[Newspaper insert]:

Sacrifice of Life in Ancient Wars. –

The siege of Troy lasted ten years and eight months, and at the taking of the city there were slain 890,000 Grecians and 670,000 Trojans and afterwards 570,000 men, women and children. Caesar killed 1,000,000, Mahomet 800,000. At the siege of Jerusalem, 1,100,000 died with the sword and famine. At the battle of Cannac 70,000 men were slain, and at the siege of Ostend 120,000 lost their lives.

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January                                                Friday 24                                                         1862

Electors for the Union Candidates for President & Vice President in 1864

Abraham Lincoln & Andrew Johnston

[Newspaper insert]:

ELECTORS.

Morton McMichael,

Thomas Cunningham,

Robert P. King,

G. Morrison Coates,

Henry Bumm,

William H. Kern,

Barton H. Jenks,

Charles M. Runk,

Robert Parke,

William Taylor,

John A. Hiestand,

Richard H. Coryell,

Edward Haliday,

Charlies, F. Read,

Elias W. Hale,

Charles H. Shriner,

John Wister,

David McConaughy,

David W. Woods,

Isaac Benson,

John Patton,

Samuel B. Dick,

Everard Bierer,

John P. Penney,

Ebenezer M’Junkin,

John W. Blanchard.

[Text written in margin]:

The first Presidential vote for me.

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January,                                               Saturday 25                                                     1862

[Newspaper insert]:

Senator Cowan is understood to have gone over to the Democratic party entirely. He does not meet in caucus any longer with the Republican members of the senate.

                                                            Cowan’s Vote

            When Senator Cowan first went over to the Copperhead side of the Senate Chamber, we expressed our opinions freely about him; but since then we have let his vote pass, feeling that it was of no use, as we could not do justice to this subject. His recent vote against the repeal of the Fugitive Slave Law, however, seems to have aroused anew the indignation of our friends throughout the State, and we find in our exchanges many bitter comments upon his recreancy. The Philadelphia News says:

            It will never be a source of pride to any loyal Pennsylvanian that the only man in all the great North, elected to Congress as a Union man, who voted in the negative, when that foul abomination of barbarism, the Fugitive Slave Law, was wiped out, hails from our noble old Commonwealth. Senator Cowan, in thus voting, was neither true to the Union nor to civilization.

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January                                                Sunday 26                                                       1862

[Newspaper insert]:

The Great Petition

            The following is the abstract of the great petition for Senator Sumner presented on the 9^th inst. for the abolition of slavery throughout the United States:

State.                                                   Men.                Women.           Total.

New York…………………………………………   6,519               11,187             17,766

Illinois…………………………………………….    6,382               8.908               15,390

Massachusetts…………………………………….    4,249               7,392               11,641

Pennsylvania………………………………………   3,259               6,365                 8,035

Ohio……………………………………………….   3,679               4,674                 8,335

Michigan…………………………………………..   1,741               4,441                 6,132

Iowa……………………………………………….   2,025               4,014                 6,030

Maine……………………………………………..    1,225               4,362                 5,587

Wisconsin………………………………………....    1,639               2,391                 4,030

Indiana…………………………………………….   1,075               2,591                 3,606

New Hampshire…………………………………...      893               2,261                 2,654

New Jersey………………………………………...      824               1,790                 2,538

Rhode Island……………………………………....     827               1,451                 2,278

Vermont…………………………………………...      375               1,183                 1,558

Connecticut………………………………………..      393               1,162                 1,555

 Minnesota…………………………………………     396               1,094                 1,490

West Virginia……………………………………...        82                  100                    182

Maryland…………………………………………..      115                    50                    165

Kansas……………………………………………..        84                    74                    158

Delaware…………………………………………...       67                    70                    137

Nebraska…………………………………………...       13                     20                     33

Kentucky…………………………………………...       21                                             21

Louisiana (New Orleans)……………………………                                          14                     14

Citizens of the United States

living in New Brunswick………………….         19                    17                     36

                                                                        34,399             65,001            100,060

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January                                                Monday 27                                                      1862

Battle of “Chantilly” Va

[Newspaper insert]:

First, Second, Third and Fourth New Jersey regiments, once composing the brigade led by the gallant Kearney. From this brigade he reluctantly retired, to take command of the First division of the Third corps, under Heintzelman, then lying in front of Yorktown. How well he fought, history can tell. Chantilly was his last. Ever on the battlefront, his example endeared him to his men, who still venerate his name.

            I remember that night of blackness and gloom at Chantilly, a young aid- a mere youth in his teens – rode up to Kearny and said, “Col. Poe reports for orders.” “Tell Col. Poe to move out to the front and form his regiment en echelon. “Yes, Sir.” Said the aid, and turned to gallop away. “Stop boy,” cried Kearny, “do you know what en echelon means?” “Yes, sir; it means a military pair of stairs, Sir,” “Ah, ha! that’s right; go ahead,” and the aid vanquished into the darkness. A reminiscence of New Jersey’s gallant sons can nowhere be more appropriate than at the end of this brigade.

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[Newspaper insert]:

FROM 1785 to 1865.

THIRTEEN REBELLIONS IN 82 YEARS.

Mr. Editor: It may not be uninteresting to many of your readers to know that in 82 years we have had 13 rebellions, or shocks to the Constitution, yet the country survived them all, and the people got stronger in the faith for one Union, one Constitution, and one flag, to keep harmless a nation of freemen. The present unnatural war, the most formidable of all, yet thanks be to Almighty God the nation still lives by the valor of our army and navy. Under the direction of the master minds who directed our national arms, the best friend to our common country was the late President, who was murdered for his adherence to the unity of the States. The people are in tears, and the nation mourns this sad calamity at the loss of one so great, and yet so good and pure. The first outbreak was the

            Army Plot which took place in 1783.

            Shay’s Rebellion in 1786 and ’87, the second out-break in Massachusetts.

            The Whiskey Insurrection, 1791-2-3 and 4, thus was created by the act of Congress to raise revenue from distilled liquors. The insurgent force to resist the law amounted to 16,000 fighting men. The President (Washington,) called out 13,000, to which he further called 2,000 more, making 15,000 troops. The President sent commissioners to treat with those in rebellion against the law; a convention was held at Parkinson’s Ferry, and after considerable delay, the whole matter was settled, the President pardoned the ring leaders, and the country become tranquil and the troops were disbanded.

            The Alien and Sedition law, 1798. – This was created during the administration of the elder Adams – Jefferson, when elected had it repealed and opened the prison doors and “sot” the captives free.

            Burr’s Conspiracy, 1806 and ’07 – Tried at Richmond and acquitted.

            Hartford Convention, 1814, the very secular analogy which exists between the events then and now. New England States were leagued together in an attempt at secession. Now it was the South, and by the power and will of strong minded and strong hearted Americans the spell was broken, and unionites triumphed as they ever will.

            Missouri Compromise, 1820 – from 1812 to 1821 – another era of excitement. This was brought about by the extreme Abolitionists (such as we have in our day), when the patriotic Clay came forward like the Son of Man cometh, and produced peace and good will by his compromise, and the State was

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duly admitted, with the distinguished Col. Benton for her first United States Senator. Would to Heaven we had in the public councils men of such loft patriotism and true courage at this hour of our peril.

            Indian Troubles in 1825 which again unsettled the country, Georgia then demanded the fulfillment of the treaty and the Indians removed.

            Nullification in 1832, Hayne and Webster were conspicuous, and owing to the far seeing policy of great statesmen, with Jackson in the Executive chair the North was made to feel that “the Union must and shall be sustained at all hazards.” All was settled and what a blessing it was to have men like Webster, Benton, Clay, Wright, and the old hero of Orleans, who never feared an enemy.

            Do[?]s Rebellion, rather an insignificant affair in its natural aspect, although it may be ranked among the shocks which disturbed the harmony of the country.

            The Compromise measure in 1850 – Clay again was conspicuous in saving the country from war, and settled, it was fondly hoped, the vexed question of Slavery. Owing to foreign interference it would not remain settled. We now find the result in 1865 of the rash conduct of the extreme Southern men.

            The repeal of the compromise in 1854 which produced bad results and disturbed the repose of the nation, and in eleven years from that date we find slavery almost extinct, and only to be remembered and to be despised.

            The difficulty with Utah in 1858. – This was brought about by that abominable people called Mormons – when Brigham Young was made Governor to the disgrace of the national Government. Such people should be exterminated from off the face of the earth, or compelled to act in accordance with God’s holy ordinance. In my opinion, one wife at a time is enough for any man. This brings me down to this God accursed rebellion – cruel in all its aspects, disgraceful to the age, abhorrent to nature – there is not a Southern man engaged in such an unholy and unrighteous was, but deserves the severest punishment. The dissolution can never be tolerated, come what may. It must stand like the rock of ages, which the surges of the ocean beat in vain – the American government – the best, the wisest ever ordained by the wisdom of man. May the Ruler of the Universe protect and give strength to our army and navy at all times to vanquish our enemies, and may the good old flag – the emblem of Purity, Love and Truth – float forever over one nation and one people, free and independent.

                                                                                    Old Bullion.

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[Newspaper insert]:

ANDERSONVILLE.

Report of Captain J. M. Moore.

            Washington, October 18. – The following report of Captain J. M. Moore, Assistant Quartermaster, who was sent to Andersonville, Georgia, to mark the graves of Union prisoners for future identification, contains valuable information, in which the people are interested, and will, doubtless, be appreciated by the relatives and friends of those who have given their lives to their country:

“A. Q. M. Office, Department of Washington

“Washington, D. C., September 20, 1865

“To Brevet Major General M. C. Meigs, Quartermaster General United States Army, Washington:

            “General – In accordance with Special orders No. 19, Quartermaster’s General’s Office, dated June 30, 1865, directing me to proceed to Andersonville, Georgia, for the purpose of marking the graves of union soldiers for future identification, and inclosing the cErrettery, I have the honor to report as follows:

            “I left Washington on the 8^th of July last, with mechanics and materials for the purpose above mentioned.

            “On my arrival at Savannah I ascertained there was no railroad communication whatever to Andersonville, the direct road to Macon being broken, and that from Augusta via Atlanta also in the same condition. I endeavored to procure wagon transportation, but was informed by the General commanding the Department of Georgia, that a sufficient number of teams could be had in the State to haul one-half of my stores; and as the roads were bad, and the distance more than 400 miles, I abandoned all idea of attempting a road through a country difficult and tedious, until more propitious circumstances. The prospect of reaching Andersonville at this time was by no means favorable, and nearly one week had elapsed since my arrival at Savannah. I had telegraphed to Augusta, Atlanta and Macon almost daily, and received replies that the railroads were not completed. At length on the morning of the 18^th of July, a gratifying telegram from Augusta was received announcing the completion of the Augusta and Macon Road to Atlanta. I at once determined to procure a boat and proceed to Augusta by Savannah River. The dispatch boat was secured, and in twenty-four hours after the receipt of the telegram alluded to, I was on my way with men and material for Augusta. On my arrival there I found the railroad completed to Macon, and that from Macon to Andersonville having never been broken, I experienced little difficulty in reaching my destination, where I arrived after a tiresome trip occupying six days and nights.

            “At Macon, Major General Wilson detailed one company of the 4^th United States Cavalry, and one from the 137^th United States Colored Troops, to assist me. A member of the former company was killed on the 5^th of August, at a station named Montezuma, on the South-western Railroad. The rolling stock of all the roads over which I traveled was in a miserable condition, and very seldom a greater rate of speed was obtained than twelve miles.

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            “However, at different stations along the route the object of the expedition was well known, and not infrequently men wearing the garb of rebel soldiers would enter the cars and discuss the treatment of our prisoners at Andersonville, all of whom candidly admitted it was shameful, and a blot upon the reputation of the South, and that years would not efface it.

            “While encamped at Andersonville, I was daily visited by men from the surrounding country, and had an opportunity of learning their feelings toward the Government, and with hardly an exception found those who had been in the rebel army penitent, and more kindly disposed than those who never took part, and were anxious to become citizens of the Government which they fought so hard to destroy.

            “On the morning of the 20^th of July the work of identifying the graves, painting and lettering head-boards, laying out walks and inclosing the cErrettery was commenced, and on the evening of August 16, was completed, with the exceptions hereafter mentioned.

            “The dead were found buried in trenches on a site selected by the rebels, about thirty yards from the blockade. The trenches were from two to three feet below the surface, and, in several instances, where rains had washed away the earth, but a few inches. Additional earth was, however, thrown in the graves, making them of still greater depth. So close were they buried, without coffins or ordinary clothing to cover their nakedness that not more than twelve inches were allowed to each man. Indeed, the little tablets making their resting-place, measuring hardly ten inches in width, almost touch each other. United States soldiers, while prisoners at Andersonville, had been detailed to inter their companions, and by a simple stake at the head of each grave, which bore the number corresponding with the similar numbered name upon the Andersonville Hospital record, I was enabled to identify and mark with a neat tablet, similar to those in the cErretteries at Washington, the number, name, rank, regiment, & e., date of death of 12,446 grayes, there being but 467 which bore the inscription ‘unknown United States soldiers.’ 120,000 feet of pine lumber were used in these tablets alone. The cErrettery contains fifty acres, and has been divided by one main avenue, running through the center, and subdivided into blocks and sections in such manner that with the aid of the record, which I am now having copied for the Superintendent, the visitors will have no difficulty in finding any grave.

            “A force of men is now engaged in finding any grave, walks and cleaning the cErrettery of stumps, preparatory to planting trees and flowers. I have already commenced the manufacture of brick, and will have a sufficient number, by the first of October, so paye the numerous gutters throughout the cErrettery, the clay in the vicinity of the stockade being well adapted for the purpose of brick-making. Appropriate inscriptions are placed through the grounds, and I have arranged, as far as my facilities would permit me, to transfer this wild and unhonored grave-yard into a fit place of interment for the nation’s gallant dead. At the entrance the worlds, ‘A National CErrettery, Andersonville, Georgia,’ designate the city of the dead.

            “On the morning of the 17^th of August, at sunrise, the stars and stripes were hoisted in the center of the cErrettery, when a national salute was fired, and several national songs sung by those present.

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[Continued from previous]:

            “The men who accompanied me, and to whom I am indebted for the early competition of my mission, working zealously and faithfully, from early in the morning until late at night, although suffering intensely from the effects of heat. Unaccustomed as they were, one after another was taken sick with the fever incident to the country, and in a brief period my force of mechanics was considerably lessened, obliging me to obtain others from the residents in different parts of the State. All my men, however, recovered, with the exception of Mr. Eddy Watts, who died on the 16^th of July, of typhoid fever, after a sickness of three weeks. I brought his body back with me, and delivered it to his family in this city. Several of the United States Cavalry, detailed by General Wilson, died of the same fever shortly after joining their command at Macon.

            “Andersonville is situated on the South-western Railroad, sixty miles from Macon. There is but one house in the place except those erected by the so-called confederate government as hospitals, officers’ quarters, and commissary and quartermasters’ buildings. It was formerly known as Anderson, but since the war the ville has been added. The country is covered mostly with pines and hemlocks, and the soil is sandy, sterile, and unfit for cultivation, and unlike the section of country but a few miles north and south of the place, where the soil is well adapted for agricultural purposes, and cotton as well corn is extensively raised. It is said to be the most unhealthy part of Georgia, and was probably selected as a depot for prisoners on account of this fact. At midday the thermometer in the shade reaches frequently 110 degrees, and in the sun the heat is almost unbearable. The inhabitants of this sparsely settled locality are, with few exceptions, of the most ignorant class, and upon their haggard and sallow faces, the effects of chills and fever are distinctly visible. The noted prison pen is 1,540 feet long and 750 wide and contains twenty seven acres. The deadline is seventeen feet from the stockade, and sentry boxes are thirty yards apart. The inside stockade is eighteen feet high, the outer one twelve feet high, and the distance between the two is one hundred and twenty feet.

            “Nothing has been destroyed, As our exhausted, emaciated and enfeebled soldiers left it, so it stands to-day, as a monument to an inhumanity unparalleled in the annals of war. How men could survive as well as they did in this pen, exposed to the rays of an almost tropical sun by day, and drenching dews at night, without the slightest covering is wonderful. The ground is filled with the holes where they had burrowed in their efforts to shield themselves from the weather, and many a poor fellow, in endeavoring to protect himself in this manner, was smothered to death by the earth falling in upon him.

            “A very worthy man has been appointed superintendent of the grounds and cErrettery, with instructions to allow no buildings or structures, of whatever nature, to be destroyed, particularly the stockade surrounding the prison-pen. The stories told of the sufferings of our men while prisoners here have been substantiated by hundreds, and the skeptic who will visit Andersonville, even now, and examine the stockade, with its oozy sand, cramped and wretched burrows, the dead line and slaughter-house, must be a called observer, indeed, if he is not convinced that the miseries depicted of this prison-pen are no exaggerations.

            “I have the honor to be, General,

                                    “Your obedient servant,

            “[Signed]                     JAMES M. MOORE,

                                    “Captain and A. Q. M., U. S. A.”

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 February                                             Sunday 2                                                         1862

[Newspaper insert]:

What England Has Brought Upon Herself.

            The London Daily news frankly tells the English that evil results have come of their conduct during our war. It says:

            “The Alabamas and Shenandoahs were admitted to all the privileges of men-of war, and were allowed to pursue their career of spoliation unmolested. We are not witnesses to the consequences of our doctrines. As we have sown so are we reaping. Nor will whining deprecation or blustering repentance avail us now.

            “It needs little sagacity now, surely, to determine which would have been the more advisable course – the course which was actually followed, or that which was rejected. No one, certainly, who has watched the course of the war, will pretend that the devastations of the Alabama and the Shenandoah either shortened or prolonged the war one hour. No doubt individuals suffered great loss, but it is in vain to imagine that the resolution of the Executive at Washington, or of the American people, was influenced one jot by their calamities.

            “Probably the effect upon the North was that the mass of their mercantile marine was transferred into the names of British citizens. The national injury that was done by this country. The people of the North felt with a bitter pang. Which it may take years to assuage, that if their commerce had been destroyed, it was destroyed by ships built, equipped, armed, and partly manned by British citizens. Had there been no Liverpool and no Glasglow, there would have been no Alabama. What we have done has been not to aid the North or the South, but to exasperate both. The North, indeed, felt that let the British sympathizers do what they pleased in the way of supplying fast sailing steam cruisers, they could not ultimately effect the result of the war. But it is vain to deny that the depredations of these cruisers roused a spirit of indignation and rancor in the American mind, which, most unhappily is still kept alive.

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[Newspaper insert]:

An Answer to Jefferson Davis. –

Warren Lee Goss, President of the National Union of Andersonville Survivors, has written a letter to the Bulletin, of Norwich, Conn., replying to Jefferson Davis’s assertion that the mortality of the Confederate prisoners in Union hands was in greater proportion than that of Union soldiers in Rebel prisons. Mr. Goss quotes the Federal War Department figures, showing the total captures of soldiers and citizens by the Confederate forces to have been 188,146. It is estimated that of these half were actually confined in prisons. The number of deaths in Confederate prisons was 36, 401. Consequently the per cent. of mortality in prisons was over 38 3/4, and the percent. of the entire captures about 19 3/8. The number of captures by the Union forces was 476,169; actually confined (the rest being paroled or exchanged) 327,570 per cent. of mortality in prison, 13 ½; per cent. of mortality of whole number of captures, 6 1/3. Thus the mortality in Rebel prisons was about three times as great as that in Union prisons. Mr. Goss also quotes the official report of the Confederate Inspector of Prisons, Lieut. Col. D. T. Chandler, who is favorably spoken of by the Confederate Assistant Secretary of War, to show that recommendation were actually made to Mr. Davis’s Cabinet to replace Gen. Winder, Commandant at Andersonville, with some one more humane and the only notice taken thereof by Mr. Davis was to promote Winder to the position of Commissary General of all the Confederate prisons.

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February                                              Tuesday 4,                                                       1862

Ambrose Everett Burnside

“This officer who attained the highest rank in the Volunteer Service of the United States and whose high personal character had seconded his efforts in the field in raising him to this distinction, and in securing him several most important commands, was born at Liberty in Union County Indiana May 23^rd 1824. His family is from Scotland, both his grandparents having emigrated from that country about the end of the last century, to South Carolina where his father was born, married and engaged in the practice of the law. The latter he moved in 1821 to Indiana where he became a Circuit Judge. At the age of 18 his son Ambrose entered the Military Academy at West Point

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February,                                             Wednesday 5,                                                 1862

graduating in 1847 fifteenth in a class of 47. When he was appointed second lieutenant in the 3^rd Artillery. The war with Mexico being then in progress he was ordered to the seat of war with Gen. Pattersons Column, but arrived to late to participate in the brilliant action of the campaign. He rendered efficient service however in protecting the line of communications. Returning from Mexico, he was stationed for some time at Fort Adams in Newport Rhode Island, and in 1849 was ordered to New Mexico as First Lieutenant in Captain Braggs celebrated battery. The command being reorganized as Cavalry Lieutenant Burnside was frequently employed in conflicts with the Indians – a service which has always proved an effective school in the training of the American officer. While in New Mexico

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February,                                             Thursday 6,                                                     1862

he was engaged (1850-51) as Quarter Master in the Mexican Boundary Commission. Returning to the Atlantic to the Atlantic Seaboard as bearer of dispatched he was, promoted to a first Lieuteney at the close of the year. Recognizing this rank in 1853 he made his residence in Rhode Island, having married a Lady of that state, and set up an establishment at Bristol for the manufacture of a breech loading rifle which he had invented and for the introduction of which into the service he had it is said assurances from the Secretary of War. John B. Floyd. Disappointed in not receiving the contract from the Government which he had expected he was compelled to relinquish his manufacturing enterprise with heavy loss. Removing to the West he frequently found employment as cashier in the land office of the

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[Continued from previous]

February                                              Friday 7,                                                          1862

Illinois Central R. R. and subsequently as treasurer of the Company, the duties of which he discharged at New York. Gen. McClellan was at the time at the head of the Company and a warm friendship existed between the two officers. The war of the Rebellion now breaking out Lieutenant Burnside was invited by Governor Spurague to the Command of a Regiment of Rhode Island volunteers. Promptly accepting the commission four days after his arrival at Providence he was at the head of his men, on his way to answer the first call of the President for the defense of the national capital. Energetically disciplining his Regt. he possessed the confidence of the Commander in chief and was assigned an important part in the first battle of Bull Run in which he served in Command of the 2^nd Brigade of

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[Continued from previous]:

February,                                             Saturday 8,                                                      1862

General Hunters Division. He brought his troop gallantly into action and sustained the conflict of the day with great heroism, as the severe lop of the 2^nd Rhode Island Regiment in his command particularly testified. His services on this occasion were greatly commended by Gen. McDowell and gained him that appointment of Brigadier General of Volunteers. He was during the remainder of the summer of 1861, employed with Gen. McClellan in organizing the newly enlisted Army of the Potomac and in October was appointed to a separate command at the head of the Expedition projected for the occupation of an important portion of North Carolina. The gathering of his forces, chiefly New England regiments, withe weepany preparation and equipment occupied him for the remainder of the year; and it was not till the middle of Jan. 1862 that “the Burnside Expedition”

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[Continued from previous]:

February,                                             Sunday, 9                                                        1862

Composed of about 16,000 troop with a large naval force, under Flag officer Goldsborough, set sail from Tortrep Monroe. The object of the expedition was the capture of the enemys forces on Roanoke Island and the permanent control of the waters of Albemante and Pamlieo sounds. Unexpected difficulties were encountered in the papage of the entrance at Hatteras Inlet, which proved the energy and perseverance of Gen. Burnside who finally on the 8^th of February in concert with Commodore Goldsboroug, brought his forces into action, in the battle of Roanoke Island, when the enemy was thoroughly routed. General Burnside was much commended for this affair, the Legislature of Rhode Island voted him a sword, and he was the next month promoted major gen. of Volunteers. His sweep at Roanoke determined

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[Continued from previous]:

February                                              Monday 10,                                                     1862

Him in an attack upon Newbern, the defenses of which were gallantly carried on the 14^th of march a victory which was the following month succeeded by the reduction of Fort Macon. Having this triumphed in three important actions in His Department of North Carolina Gen. Burnside was next summoned to the aid of Gen. McClellan, at the time he was about leaving the peninsula of Virginia after his unsuccessful siege of Richmond. In the new campaign of Gen. John Pope he was at first stationed on the Rappahannock, at Tredeneksburg whence he retreated, with the rest of the Army of Virginia to Washington. In the battles which ensured consequent upon lee’s invasion of Maryland, he bore a prominent front. He had at the outset of the night wing of the Army, composed of the first and ninth Army Corps, and

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[Continued from previous]

February,                                             Tuesday 11,                                                     1862

directed the operations, resulting in the 14^th of September 1862 in the occupation of Turner Gap. South Mountain. In the action which ensured on the 17^th at Antietam Creek Gen. Burnside was in command and of the left wing which was engaged in the attack on the lower bridge, where some of the severest fighting of the day took place. After repeated attempts land much slaughter the bridge was carried, and an advance position gained by Gen. Burnside’s command. Gen. Lee having been defeated recrossed the Potomac, and after an interval of more than a month was followed by the Army of the Potomac. Gen. Burnside in the new movement of Gen. McClellan in Virginia had command of the Ninth Army Corps and had reached with the main Army the vicinity of Warrenton when he was on

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[Continued from previous]

February,                                             Wednesday 12,                                               1862

 The 8th of November, unexpectedly ordered to take the command of the Army of the Potomac in place of Gen. McClellan who was removed. Reluctantly accepting the new and responsible position Gen. Burnside rapidly moved the Army to the Rappahannock opposite Fredericksburg which he considered the best mode of approaching Richmond, with the advantage of a secure communication by water at Aguia Creek. Here he remained opposite the army of Gen. Lee preparing for an afault when the Enemy which was finally made on the 12^th of December when the divisions of Sumner Hooker and (traitor) Franklin having crossed the river possession was gained of the town and a desperate attack made upon the rebel ranks in the rear. In this the Union forces not withstanding their gallant advance were repulsed with heavy lopes and compelled to retreat to their old position. A seemed attempt was

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[Continued from previous]

February,                                             Thursday 13                                                    1862

about to be made by Gen. Burnside to meet the enemy on 20^th of January 1863 which was prevented by a heavy rain storm. There was some dissatisfaction also on the front of the officers of his command, and a few days after at his own request, Gen. Burnside was relieved of the Command of the Army of the Potomac and succeeded by Gen. Hooker Gen. Burnside was shortly after appointed to a new field of operations in the West, in the command of “the Department of the Ohio.” Here at the entrance on a most responsible sphere of military duty our brief narrative must for the present close”

Copied from – The National Portrait Gallery of Eminent Americans from original paintings by Alonzo Chappel with appeal and Historical Narratives by Evert A. Duckiner

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[Continued from previous]:

February,                                             Friday 14,                                                        1862

With Biographical and Historical Narratives by Evert A. Duyckinck Editor of “Encyclopedia of American Literature” Ed.

[Newspaper insert]:

            An interesting and graphic account of the trip of General Burnside and his aid, Mr. Forbes, from Versailles to Paris, is given by an American lady, lately residing in the French capital, and from it we make a brief extract:

            “They were blindfolded when the moment came for leaving, and accompanied by an officer waving a white flag, while on one side of them rode a trumpeter, blowing lustily from time to time. In this way they advanced as far as Longchamps (about five miles from Paris), where they were stopped rather unpleasantly, eight shots being fired at them in rapid succession! Their trumpeter sounded his trumpet, and their officer waved his flag. Mr. Forbes, who has seen all sorts of things, ‘from China to Peru,’ as the poet says, declares that the next fifteen minutes were very solemn, as they waited in the deathlike stillness for the answering trumpet. At last it sounded, and then the French came out from their intrenchments, and escorted them into Paris.”

            M. M. C. – The distributions of nationalities in our army during the rebellion was as follows: Native American, 1,523,300; British American, 53,520, English, 45,500; Irish, 144,200; German, 176,800; other foreigners, 48,400; foreigners nativity unknown, 26,500.

            C. R. C. – When Lincoln was first elected in 1860, the vote stood as follows: Lincoln, 1,857,610; Douglas, 1,291,574; Breckinridge, 850,082; Bell, 646,124. In the Electoral College, Lincoln received 180 votes; Breckinridge, 72; Bell, 39; and Douglas, 12.

            W. A. – Yes; Washington was again Commander in Chief of the army after he had been President, but only for short time. It was the French threatened war, on account of the neutral position taken by the United States in the war between England and France.

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February,                                             Saturday 15,                                                    1862

[Newspaper insert]:

THE EVENING CHRONICLE

Jos. G. Siebeneck……………………Wm. A. Collins.

SIEBENECK & COLLINS,

EDITORS AND PROPRIETORS.

Largest Circulation in Western Pennsylvania.

Thursday , March 22, 1866

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Notice To Advertisers

            Notice is hereby given, that hereafter all transient advertisements received at this office must be paid for when handed in, except in the case of yearly advertisers, whose bills will be rendered quarterly, as usual. Advertisers will please made a not of this, as the rule of cash payments for advertisements of the character stated will, from this day forward, be inflexibly enforced.

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Rewarding the Soldiers.

            It cannot be honestly charged against the Republican party that it is, as a political organization, unmindful of the gallant men who bore the nation standard triumphantly through the storms of the rebellion. Everywhere the party seems too be selecting its candidates for offices of honor and trust from the soldiers who made it possible for the people to bestow these high positions. The party has put forward for the office of the Governor in Rhode Island, General Ambrose E. Burnside. It is, in very many respects, a judicious selection, for General Burnside has not only approved himself an able and faithful military officer, but he has in various civil stations shown himself to be a man of excellent judgment and fine business capacity. His patriotism is one of the purest kind, and he will undoubtedly receive a large majority of the votes pulled in Rhode Island.

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February,                                             Sunday 16,                                                      1862

[Newspaper insert]:

If we are not very much mistaken, there is a decided feeling amongst the masses of our people that the politicians who have for so many years had a monopoly of civil offices should now stand aside for a little while, and permit those whose courage and devotion to this country was put to such fearful tests during the war, to enjoy some more substantial evidences of the popular esteem, than mere speech making receptions.

“The wonder of an hour.”

            Our people have a good deal of faith in the integrity of the returned veterans of the war. They cannot think that men who stood so staunch during the fiery trials of that great conflict would deport themselves unworthily in any civil sphere, and they are very apt in any political canvass, to rally to the support of those who remind them of the battlefields in which the republic was saved. If there be a weakness in this sentiment, which we are not prepared to admit, it is a weakness that does no discredit to the instincts of humanity, and which is far less liable to be abused than the confidence which is often seduced by the blandishments and wiles of cunning politicians. We are free to confess that we largely partake of the sentiment, and that our sympathies decidedly run with the men who having sustained the national cause in its hour of extreme peril, deem that the may now, without any great impropriety, claim some practical token of the good will and affection of their countrymen.

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[Newspaper insert]:

The Commercial Cincinnati

Friday, April 13, 1866

The Soldiers’ and Sailors’ Union

            At a meeting of veteran soldiers and sailors, held at Turner Hall, night before last, at which there was a large attendance of former officers and privates, pertinent speeches were made by General S. A. Strickland and Colonel H. L.  Burnett, and the following Constitution was adopted:

            “The name of this organization shall be The Soldiers’ and Sailors’ Union of Cincinnati.

            “The officers of this Union shall consist of one President, three Vice Presidents, one Recording Secretary, one Corresponding Secretary, one Treasurer and a Business Committee of Five. 

            “The above named officers shall be elected at the meeting to-night, April 11, and every six months; a majority of all the votes cast being necessary to secure a choice, and to be installed on the night of their election.

            “The officers elected shall be installed at the meeting at which they are elected.

            “It shall be the duty of the President to preside at all meetings of the Union, maintain order, enforce the rules, and perform such other duties as the Union may require of him.

            “It shall be the duty of the Vice-Presidents to aid in maintaining order and enforcing the rules, and in his absence the senior Vice-President to act as President.

            “It shall be the duty of the Recording Secretary to keep a record of the proceedings of the Union; attest his signature to all records of his action; to all bills drawn upon the Treasurer and approved by the President; and perform such other duties as may, from time to time, be required of him in the nature of his office.

            “It shall be the duty of the Corresponding secretary to conduct all correspondence of the Union and perform such other duties as may be required of him in the nature of his office.

            “It shall be the duty of the Treasurer to receive all moneys of the Union; pay out of the same all bills drawn on him, attested by the Recording Secretary and approved by the President; he shall also render a quarterly account of the finances of the Union to the Executive Committee, and made a report to the regular annual meeting of the Union. * * * And before entering upon the duties of his office, he shall execute a bond in the sum of ten thousand dollars, with two responsible sureties, to be approved by the Executive Committee. At the expiration of his term of office he shall deliver up to his regularly elected successor all moneys, books and papers of the Union in his possession.

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February,                                             Tuesday 18,                                                     1862

[Continued from previous]

“Every officer, before entering upon the duties of his office, shall take and  subscribe, in a book to be kept by the Recording Secretary for that purpose, the following obligation:

“I , _______, do solemnly promise before these witnesses, that I will faithfully protect, maintain and support the Constitution of the Soldiers’ and Sailors’ National Union to the best of my ability.

“The Standing Committee of the Union shall be an Executive Committee of five, to be appointed every six months, by the President of the Union, of which committee the President, shall be Chairman, and the two Secretaries and Treasurer members, in addition to other members.”

S. A. Strickland, S. H. Dunning, E. F. Noyes, Sidell and H. A. Edwards, were appointed to the Executive Committee. And Business Committees for each of the Wards were appointed, three men in each Ward.

The following officers were elected: President, A. C. Parry; Vice-Presidents, Willich, Moore and Stebbins; Treasurer, S. A. Strickland; Secretaries, Wm. DeBeck and A. Heer.

The following resolution was unanimously adopted:

“Resolved, That this association will in conjunction with the German Veteran Association, turn out in a body on Sunday next, to commemorate the anniversary of the assassination of our late beloved leader, Abraham Lincoln.”

Also the following:

“Resolved, That we cordially indorse the order of President Johnson, instructing heads of Departments to compel subordinates to give preference to soldiers in giving out positions.

“Resolved, that the Secretary be ordered to send a request, signed by the President of the Union, to every officer, national, State, county and city, who has positions to fill urging that the claims of the soldiers should be paramount to all others.”

Adjourned.

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[Newspaper Insert]

THE PITTSBURGH

THE EVENING CHRONICLE

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Elopement of a White Woman with a Negro.

            On Monday night, the 2d instant, says the Somerset (Pa.) Democrat, a daughter of Mr. Wm Griffith, of Jenner township, in this county, aged about seventeen years, eloped with a full-blooded negro, black as Erebus. Some time after night Miss Griffith slipped out from her father’s house, met the negro on the road, according to a previous arrangement, and the same night walked to Johnstown, eighteen miles distant, with a view of taking the morning train for Harrisburg, where they were to be married. Mr. Griffith discovering the absence of the parties, and suspecting their intentions, proceeded forthwith to Stoystown, the nearest telegraph office, and there telegraphed to the police at Johnstown to arrest them on their arrival, which was accordingly done. Miss Griffith was taken to her father’s house, and the negro was on the 4^th inst., committed to the jail of this county to await his trial at court, which will amount simply to nothing, as it is no legal offence, but purely a matter of taste and smell. This negro has been in the employ of Mr. Griffith for some time. During the last winter he frequently took his daughter and Mrs. Griffith and other female members of the family sleigh-riding. He was on a perfect equality with the family – ate at the same table, slept under the same roof, and enjoyed all rights and privileges that Mr. Griffith’s children did.

            Mr. Griffith is one of the original abolitionists of the country, has voted that ticket the last twenty two years to our certain knowledge, and has advocated the cause of negro equality in a zealous manner. He often said before his family that a “negro was plenty good enough for a poor white girl,” a similar expressions showing the bias of his mind. The daughter, having confidence in her father, imbibed his teachings, and concluded to act upon them. She was perfectly innocent, and no blame should attach to her.    

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[Newspaper insert]:

Bancroft’s Speech in England

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Earl Russell Denies Mr. Bancroft’s Statements.

Lord Russell to Mr. Adams.

                        Chesham Place, February 28, 1866.

            Dear Mr. Adams – I observe in the Daily News of yesterday extracts from a speech of Mr. Bancroft is represented to have said, referring to the breaking out of the civil war: “The British Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs made haste to send word throughout the palaces of Europe that the great Republic was in its agony; that the Republic was due by the law of nations to “the late Union.”

            As words pronounced on such an occasion, and by so eminent a man as Mr. Bancroft, may have an effect far beyond the injury which my personal character might suffer, I must request you to convey to Mr. Bancroft my denial of the truth of his allegations, and to refer him to facts of a totally opposite character.

            Soon after the news of the resistance in arms of the Southern States to the Government of the Union arrived in this country, a member of the House of Commons stated in his place that the bubble of republicanism had burst. I replied, in the same debate, that the bubble of republicanism had not burst, and that if the curse of slavery still had made them the gift of the poisoned garment had any doubt that whether the United States consented to separation or pursed the war to extremity, the great Western Republic would remain, happily for the world, a powerful and independent Republic.

            The authors of the Declaration of Independence in declaring for separation from Great Britain, after enumerating their complaints of her conduct, go on to say: “We must, therefore, acquiesce in the necessity which denounces our separation, and hold them, as we hold the rest of mankind, enemies in war, in peace friends.”

            That we should be enemies in war is easily understood, but when we are at peace why should we not be friends, as the great men of the American Revolution intended us to be? If they in a moment of separation and of war, looked forward to a period of peace and friendship, why should we, more than three-quarters of a century after these events, keep up sentiments of irritation and hostility founded on a mistaken apprehension of facts, and tending to lay the foundation of permanent alienation, suspicion and ill-will?

            As Mr. Bancroft’s speech is likely to have very extensive publicity, I reserve to myself the power of making public this letter at such time as I shall judge fit.

            I remain, my dear Mr. Adams, your faithful servant, Russell.

            P.S. I subjoin an extract of my speech on the 30^th of May, 1861, as reported in Hansard’s Debates.

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[Newspaper insert]:

Earl Russell has called Mr. Bancroft to account for references made to his official correspondence in the Lincoln anniversary oration, and dispute the proposition that he hastened to proclaim the downfall of the American Republic at the commencement of the war. Mr. Bancroft draws the documents and furnishes the proof.

[Newspaper insert]:

MR. BANCROFT’S REPLY.

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Mr. Bancroft to Mr. Adams, in Reply.

            My Dear Mr. Adams – I have received from you, by Lord Russell’s desire, a copy of his letter to you of the 28^th of February last, in which he denies the truth of certain allegations in my address to Congress on the 12^th of the same month. The passage which he cities contains these three allegations: That as British Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs he viewed this Republic as “the late Union;” that he sent this view of our country through the palaces of Europe; and that he made haste to do so. When Lord Russell calls to mind the authority for these statements, he must acknowledge them to be perfectly just and true.

            On the 30^th day of May, 1861, Lord John Russell, then Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, wrote a dispatch to Lord Lyons, in which he describes the condition of America as “the disruption of a confederacy;” and he further used these words: “Civil war has broken out between the several States of the late Union. The government of the Southern portion has duly constituted itself. Her Majesty’s Government do not wish you to make any mystery of that view.” Here is irrefragable proof of my first allegation.

            On the day on which the Minister of the Queen thus wrote, he addressed a dispatch to Lord Cowley, her Majesty’s Embassador at Paris, designating our republic as “the late Union;” and he inclosed in that dispatch, for Lord Cowley’s instruction, a copy of the above cited letter to Lord Lyons. Having thus ostentatiously communicated his views of our country, as “the late Union,” he asked, in return, “to be made acquainted with the views of the Imperial Government.” My second allegation is, therefore, true, in letter and in spirit.

            That Lord John Russell, as Secretary of State, was in haste to do this, appears from his not having awaited the arrival of the American Minister, of Mr. Lincoln’s appointment, and from those very letters, of the 6^th of May, 1861, to Lord Cowley and to Lord Lyons; for in those letters he confesses that he had not, as yet, “received from Lord Lyons any report of the state of affairs and of the prospects of the several parties;” but that on coming to the decision which was so momentous and unprecedented the acted on the reports of “some consuls” and “of the public prints.”

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[Continued from previous]:

It is true that twenty-four days after Lord  John Russell had officially described our country as “the disruption of a confederacy,” “the late United States,” “the late Union,” he removed a member of the House of Commons for openly exulting “that the great republican bubble in America had burst,” and owned “that the republic had  been for many years a great and free State.” But he uttered no expectation or hope of the restoration of our Union, and rather imitated that the Americans were “about to destroy each other’s happiness and freedom.” Lord John, on that occasion, rightly attributed the rebellion to the “accursed institution of slavery,” and confessed that England was the giver of “the poisoned garment:” that the former governments of Great Britain were “themselves to blame for the origin of the evil.” But this confession must be interpreted by the light of his averments on the 6^th of May, 1861, and by Lord Russell’s later assertion that the efforts of our country were but a contest for “empire.”

            In speaking to the American Congress of my life and character of Abraham Lincoln, it was my unavoidable duty to refer to the conduct during his administration, for nothing so wounded his feelings, or exercised his judgment, or tried his fortitude.

            I was asked to address the two Houses of our Congress, and those only. When learned that the British Minister at Washington was likely to be one of my bearers, I requested Mr. Seward to advise him not to be present; I requested Mr. Seward to advise him not be present; and through another friend, I sent him a similar message, which he received and perfectly understood.

            I need not recall words of ninety years ago, to be persuaded that in peace America and the United Kingdom should be friends. I have a right to say this; for when in the public service, I proved it by public acts; and, as a private citizen, I have never wished our Government to demand of a foreign power any thing but justice.

            Pray send Lord Russell a copy of this letter, which he is at liberty to publish; and I consider myself equally at liberty to publish his letter, to which this is a reply.

            I am ever, my dear Mr. Adams, very truly yours

                                                                                                GEORGE BANCROFT

………………………………………………………………………………………………

February,                                             Sunday 23,                                                      1862

[Newspaper insert]:

KNOXVILLE LETTER

Correspondence Cincinnati Commercial.

The Forts and Trenches Built during the Siege Rapidly Disappearing – Signs of Improvement in City and Country – The New State Movements – Reasons Given for and against the Project – The Railroad from Cincinnati South – A Few Plain Facts and Figures – East Tennessee Relief Association – Its Admirable Management – Knox County and Its Credit.

                                                                                    Knoxville, Tenn., May 7, 1866.

            The warm winds and rains of this April month, with the warmer rays of the bright sun, have made vegetation spring up with marvelous rapidity. The trees are all beautiful in their fresh green leaves, and the fields furrowed with the new turned earth, impress the thousands of home seekers who are passing through our State with the truth that this is a delightful climate, and that East Tennessee is, of a fact, the chosen spot of this country. The hillsides are all bare, for the busy soldiers, when Longstreet pressed his legions close to the city, plied their axes diligently and felled every tree and bush. Those sides are green now with the spring grass, and do not look as they did when dotted with the shelter-tents of the soldiers. The bare tops, frowning with their earthen forts, look grim and uninviting, and though the bristling cannon are gone, to the looker-on from a distance they look just as they did when they trembled to the shock of artillery.

……………………………………………………………………………………………

[Continued from previous]

            These hill-tops and sides show how rapidly these thrifty people are repairing the desolation of the war, for new fences, new plowed ground and the green grass present the very agreeable change. On every side the same cheering indications are to be seen. The heavy breastworks that lined the northern side of the city have been leveled, fences rebuilt, houses repaired, and almost the last trace of the work of the besieged army removed. Within the city the same energy is displayed; new houses are being built, old ones repaired, fences built, streets repaved, and the general appearance of the city is in every respect greatly improved. Fort Sanders, that historic spot ever to be noted in the history of the war, stands out in its bold, well defined strong lines, apparently as formidable as the day it was finished. The rains have furrowed its sides, the embrasures have crumbled under the frosts of the winter, and the rains of spring – the refugees and blacks who passed the winter in the huts close by – having cut away the firmly rooted posts that gave shape to the strong mud walls; and though there is nothing left but the dirt, with here and there a post, the outlines of the strong fort are yet well preserved, and from a distance it seems as impregnable as on that dreary November morning when the little handful of men so bravely defended it from the attack of fifty times their number. A little further to the left of this fort stands Fort Powell.

            Colonel Temple, a prominent lawyer of the city, has purchased and repaired this house and grounds. He has leveled the line of works that connected the two points, and there is no trace left of the redoubts and trenches that once lined the hill and the hillside. One by one, these reminders of the brave defense made by Burnside and his little army disappear, and soon there will be nothing but a few unconnected forts by which to mark the line of defense. The page of history, the memory of a scattered few who shared in the dangers and privations of that siege, will, in the future, be all by which to trace out the original plan of defense. The buildings of the East Tennessee University, first used as a fort, then as hospitals, have been greatly damaged, but are to be repaired. The trustees of the University have applied to the Government for compensation for the damage inflicted by the army, but have, as yet, been unsuccessful in securing any money. This is, certainly, very unjust, and it should be the policy of the Government to repay the sum necessary to repair these buildings, for this people have suffered full enough in this generation. The coming generation should not be made to suffer for educational advantages by reason of any default of the General Government. The trustees are capable and energetic men, and though making every effort to repair these damages from the endowment fund of the institution, they are yet in sore need of the just amount claimed from the Government.

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[Newspaper insert]:

Saturday, September 29, 1866.

The Society of the 100^th ( Roundheads )

Pa. Vols.

            The purpose to a call issued by W. J. Maxwell, late Colonel 100^th P. V. V. a meeting of the surviving officers of the above named regiment convened in the hall of the Evening Star Temnie of Honor, No 67, Fourth street Pittsburgh, on Wednesday last, 26^th inst., and preceded to form a permanent organization, having for its object the collection and preservation of the history of the command, including the personal adventures, gallantries, prison life, and glorious death of any of its members; from its organization in August, 1861, to its muster out of service in July, 1865. Also to perpetuate the fraternal regard which exists among its officers. All officers belonging to the regiment who have been honorably discharged the service, as well as their male children, are eligible to membership while their wives, mothers, sisters, and daughters are honorary members. The officers elected to serve the ensuing year are Colonel D. Leasure, President; Colonel W. J. Maxwell and Surgeon Horace Ludington, Vice President; Adjutant H. Dougan an Lieutenant J. W. Morrison, Secretaries; Major J. W. Bard, Treasurer. This meeting was characterized by the best feeling. Eyes that dimmed not amid the storm of battle, were here seen to drop a tear in this first re-union, as memory called the heroic dead, and for joy at meeting again the comrades of twenty-four battles.

            The next regular meeting will take place at New Castle, Pa., September 17^th,1867, at which place a still pleasanter – re-union will be had. Ray R. A. Brown, D. D., late chaplain, will deliver the annual oration, after which, a banquet will conclude the orders of the day.

            The officers elected for next year are: Col. Maxwell, President; Captains J. H. Gilliland and D. Critchlow, Vice Presidents; Capt. Johnson and Lieut. J. H. Stevenson, Secretaries; Lieut, J. W. Montford, Treas.

            During this meeting, it was decided to call Regimental re-union, to meet at New Castle on November 29^th, 1866, to which all privates and officers are invited.

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[Newspaper insert]:

The “Roundheads”

            During the session of the Soldiers and Sailors’ Convention in the city, a meeting of surviving members of the One Hundredth [?] Volunteers (“Roundheads”) was [?] permanent organization….. [unreadable text]

Oliver Cromwell

                        Oliver Cromwell Lord Protector of England to the Pope of Rome

                        “Let the Peidmontese worship God according to their consciences or my fleets shall be seen in the Mediterranean and the thunder of my cannon shall be heard in the Vatican”

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[Newspaper insert]:

Evening Chronicle

____

The Andersonville Post Office

_____

[The following touching lines, descriptive of an incident in the “pen” of the Union prisoners at Andersonville, Georgia, are attributed to G. H. Hollister, Esq, of Lichfield, Connecticut. The war has elicited nothing of sadder interest. It cannot be read too often.]

No blanket round his wasted limbs,

            Under the rainy sky he slept;

While pointed his envenomed shafts,

            Around him Death, the archer crept.

He dreamed of hunger, and held out

            His hand to clutch a little bread

That a white angel with a torch,

            Among the living and the dead,

Seemed bearing, smiling as he went;

            The vision waked him, as he spied

The post-boy followed by a crowd

            Of famished prisoners, who cried

For letters – letters from their friends,

            Crawling upon their hands and knees,

He hears his own name called, and lo!

            A letter from his wife he sees!

Gasping for breath, he shrieked aloud,

            And lost in nature’s blind eclipse,

Faltering amid the suppliant cwrod [crowd],

            Caught it and pressed it to his lips

A guard who followed, red and wroth,

            And flourishing a rusty brand,

Reviled him with a taunting oath,

            And snatched the letter from his hand.

“First pay the postage, whining wretch!”

            Despair had made the prisoner brave.

“Then give me back my money, sir!

            I am a captive, not a slave!

You took my money and my clothes,

            Take my [life], too – but let me know

How Mary and the children are,

            And I will bless you ere I go”

The very moonlight through his hands,

            As he stood supplicating, shone;

And his sharp features shaped themselves

            Into a prayer, and such a tone

Of anguish there was in his cry

            For wife and children, that the guard,

Thinking upon his own – passed by

            And left him swooning on the sword.

Beyond the “dead line” fell his head;

            The eager sentry knew his mark,

And with a crash the bullet sped.

            Into his brain and all was dark.

But when they turned his livid cheek

            Up toward the light the pale lips smiled,

Kissing a picture fair and meek,

That held in either hand a child:

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[Newspaper insert]:

A Mahommedan Idea of War. – When Abu Beker was about to march into Syria, propagate the Mahommedan religion at the point of the sword, he issued this order to his army: “Treat your soldiers with the kindest considerations; be just in all your dealings with them; consult their feelings and opinions; fight valiantly, and never turn your back upon a foe. When victorious, harm the not aged, and protect the women and children. Destroy not the palm tree, nor fruit trees of any kind; waste not the corn field with fire, nor kill any cattle excepting for food; stand faithful to every covenant and promise.”

[Newspaper insert]:

RECORD OF THE WEEK

Cincinnati, Wednesday, December 30, 1869

The Johnson Impeachment.

            As a matter of information, we state the fact that a few days since, a correspondent of the Gazette, of this city, wrote an article on the impeachment trial of President Johnson, and the causes which led to his acquittal. He stated that a large sum of money was raised to bribe Senators to vote in his favor. In the telegraph reports of last Saturday, we have a confirmation of this theory, in an account of an interview of a reporter of the New York Sun, with Hon. Cornelius Wendell, in which is developed the facts, that $150,000 was raised to defeat impeachment; and that $30,000 was tendered to one man, who refused to accept because he was afraid he would not be able to explain to his constituents the cause of his sudden change in position. Mr. Wendell refused to give the name of that Senator; but from the statements made in the conversation, it is to be inferred that only about three Senators voted for acquittal on conscientious grounds.

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March,                                                 Saturday 1,                                                      1862

“At that time (about 1865) in Richmond it was melancholy to contemplate the condition of affairs. Hemmed in on three sides by the enemy their supplies cut off and one avenue over where they could escape or draw supplies; and that portion the Virginia Centrail R. R. already exhausted there seemed to be nothing in prospect but starvation.

Bacon was 12 & 15 dollars a pound

Flour $12 00 a pound

Sugar 15 [cents] a pound

Eggs one dollar a piece

Corn 75 [cents] a bushel

And board at the spattswood 50 [cents] a day”

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March,                                                 Saturday 2,                                                      1862

The above extract  and list of prices was taken from J. Marshall Cranford ( Cl. B. 43^rd Virginia Cavalry C. S. A.)

Life of                        

            John S. “Mosby and His Men”

Page 342 C. C. L.

[Newspaper insert]:

How About This, Gen Porter?

            Boston, February 25. – Clarkson D. Ayers, pastor of a Free-Will Baptist Church, as written a letter to the Bridgeport, Conn., Standard, protesting against favorable action in the case of Fitz John Porter. Ayers writes that he was a member of the Eleventh New York Volunteers, and says: “I want to ask Fitz John Porter if he remembers the second battle of the Bull Run, and how I caught him two nights previous in conversation with three rebel generals, one of whom was Robt. E. Lee. It was about 11 o’clock, and as I came upon him suddenly he asked me what I was doing out there at that time of night, and told me as I valued my life to say nothing about seeing him out there. I saw Fitz John porter with my own eyes taking with some rebels on the eve of the battle, and I ask that justice be done to the soldiers who did the fighting and laid down their lives in defense of the country.”

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March,                                                 Monday 3,                                                       1862

Major Gen. Ambrose E. Burnside

“The big hearted large souled old veteran; But then he is such a magnanimous right minded, large hearted straight forward General man that every body loves Him”

            Many laughable incident occurred during his campaign in East Tennessee. A mistaken Corporal (of 103^rd Ohio Regt.) wanted to put the General on the 2^nd Relief (guard duty) while the General insisted that he was on the 3^rd Relief.

            The above highly complimentary extract in “Our most noble General” I clipped from the Cincinnati – Commercial in the year of 1863 on spring of 1864

                                                                                                                        Crist

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[Newspaper insert]:

RHODE ISLAND

____

Governor Burnside Endorsed.

            Providence, May 26. – The Rhode Island House of Representatives passed this afternoon, nearly unanimously, a resolution that the General Assembly has in high esteem the administrative ability of his Excellency, Ambrose E. Burnside; retains unimpaired confidence in his courage, patriotism and loyalty, and holds in grateful remembrance the self-sacrificing gallantry of the officers and soldiers of Rhode Island during the formidable rebellion.

[[Newspaper insert]:

The Truth About Barbara Fritchie.

            The Hartford Courant of the 4^th inst., publishes the following letter under date of Frederick City, Maryland, July 29^th, 1869, relative to Barbara Fritchie:

            General: - In accordance with a promise made you on Tuesday, I take the pen to write a few lines about Whittier’s heroine. Barbara Fitchie (not Frietchie) was the widow of John C. Fritchie, deceased. She died during the winter of 162-3, and was buried in the graveyard belonging to the German Reformed Church of Frederick. She was an honest, earnest, faithful Christian woman, and an ardent lover of her country. During the passage of the rebel army through this small place in September, 1862, she kept a small flag in one of her windows. Her intolerance of the rebels was so extreme that she is said to have used her cane with great briskness in clearing her porch from a number of them during their occupancy of Frederick, and to have employed terms far from complimentary while thus engaged. When our own troops entered on Friday evening before the battle of South Mountain, Reno is said to have been so stuck with her enthusiastic waving of the flag at the window that he asked her age, and called upon his men to give “three cheers for the loyal grandmother.”

            Although most of Lee’s army passed by her house, it is asserted – and probably with truth – that Jackson himself did not pass directly by the same, but through an alley which crosses the street obliquely at a short distance west of it.

            Whittier has evidence taken as a fit nucleus for an exquisite poetical ideal this brave, honest old patriot, who certainly kept her flag up when others pulled theirs down, who so disliked traitors to her country that she couldn’t tolerate them even on her porch, and whose enthusiasm and venerable appearance provoked one of our brave officers to call upon his men to cheer her.

            I believe the foregoing paragraphs contain the facts upon which Whittier has framed the poem which has linked Barbara Fritchie’s name to immortal verse.

            Her house has passed into the hands of the corporaton of Frederick City, and has since been removed so as to widen the bed of Carroll creek, which washed its walls, with a view of providing against a recurrence of a disastrous flood such as visited the place last summer.

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[Newspaper insert]:

Handkerchief Flirtation.

 ____

Drawing across the  lips – Desirous

            of an acquaintance.

Drawing across eyes – I am sorry.

Taking it be the centre – You are

            too willing.

Dropping – You will be friends.

Twirling in both hands – indifference

Drawing across cheek – I love you.

Drawing through hands – I hate you.

Letting it rest on right cheek – Yes.

Letting it rest on left cheek – No.

Twisting in the right hand – I love another.

Folding it – I wish to speak with you.

Over the shoulder – Follow me.

Opposite corners in both hands – wait for me.

Drawing across the forehead – We are watched.

Placing on the right ear – You have changed.

Letting it remain on the eyes – You are cruel.

Winding around fore finger – I am engaged.

Winding around third finger – I am married.

Putting it in the pocket – No more at present.

Parasol Flirtation

       _____

Carrying elevated in right hand – You

            are  too willing.

Carrying elevated in left hand – desiring

            acquaintance.

Carrying closed in right hand by the side –

            Follow me.

Carrying closed in left hand by the side –

            Meet on first crossing.

Swinging to and fro by handle on right side –

            I am married.

Swinging to and fro by handle on left side –

            I am engaged.

Striking on hand – I am much displeased.

Tapping chin gently – I love another.

Using as a fan – Introduce me to your company

Twirling it around – We are watched.

Carrying over right shoulder – You may speak to me.

Carrying over left shoulder – You are too cruel.

Carrying in front – No more at present.

Closing – I wish to speak to you.

Folding – Get rid of your company.

Resting on right cheek – Yes.

      “          left         “    – No.

Handle to lips – Kiss me.

End of tip to lips – Do you love?

Dropping – I love you.

Fan Flirtation

   _____

Carrying in right hand in front of face –

            Follow me.

Carrying in left hand in front of face –

            I wish to be acquainted.

Placing on right ear – You have

            changed.

Twirling in left hand – I wish to

            get rid of you.

Drawing across forehead – We are

            watched.

Carrying in right hand – You are too

willing.

Twirling in right hand – I love

            another.

Closing – I wish to speak to you.

Drawing across eyes – I am sorry.

Resting on right cheek – Yes.

    “             left      “    – No.

Open and shut – You are cruel.

Dropping – We will be friends.

Fanning slowly – I am married.

     “        quickly – I am engaged.

Handle to lips – Kiss me.

Shut – You have changed.

Open wide – wait for me.

Drawing through hand – I hate you.

Drawing across cheek – I love you.

Glove Flirtation

      ______

Holding with tips downward – I wish

            to be acquainted.

Twirling around the fingers – We are

            watched.

On right hand with naked thumb exposed –

            Kiss me.

On left hand with naked thumb exposed –

            Do you love me?

Using as a fan – Introduce me to you

            company.

Smoothing them gently – I wish I

            were with you.

Holding loosely in right hand – I am

            contented.

Holding loosely in left hand – I am

            satisfied.

Biting tips – I wish to be rid of you.

Folding carefully – Get rid of your

            company.

Striking over hand – I am displeased.

Drawing half way on left hand –

            Indifference.

Clenching (rolled up) in right hand –

            No.

Striking over shoulder – Follow me.

Tossing up gently – I am engaged.

Turning them inside out – I hate you.

Tapping the chin – I love another.

Putting them away – I am vexed.

Dropping one of them – Yes.

Dropping both of them – I love you.

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March,                                     Thursday 6,                                                                 1862

            The following written by a “Secesh” Young lady to her lover.

            The letter which contained the brilliant effusion was found in the south during the war by a member of 16^th Regt. Conn. Volunteers.

            “Tis hard for you’uns to live in camp

Tis hard for you’uns to fight the Yank

Tis hard for you’uns and we’uns to part

Now you’uns has WE’uns hearts”

Life and death in Rebel Prisons Page 200

By Robert H. Killogg

Sergeant Mayor 16^th Conn. Vol.

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[Newspaper insert]:

The Confederate Prison Pen.

_____

Ex-Senator Browalon’s Statement.

            Andersonville was expressly selected for its murderous malaria, and Winder and Wirz were expressly put in charge of the prison pen there to aid in the fiendish work of exterminating the Yankee army. With all the South to choose from, salubrious mountains, secluded valleys, healthy plateaus and sheltering forests, this red clay hillside, sixty miles south of Macon, Georgia, was selected. It compromised twenty-seven acres of land, with a fever and mosquito breeding swamp in its center. A choked and sluggish stream flowing out of another swamp crept through it while within rifle shot distance from it flowed a large brook of pure water, which, had it been inclosed in the prison pen would have saved the lives of many of the prisoners. But that would have thwarted the murderous scheme of the conspirators. There were some pine trees in the pen which might have sheltered some of the poor prisoners, but Winder ordered them to be cut down. When told that their shade would alleviate the sufferings of the captives he replied: That is just what I am going to do! I will make a pen here for the – Yankees, where they will rot faster than they are sent.”

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[Continued from previous]:

            The pan was a quadrangle with two rows of stockades from twelve to eighteen feet in length, and seventeen feet from the inner stockade was the “dead line,” over which no man could pass and live. Within this pace there were at one time more than 30,000 human beings confined, without shelter, parched with the burning sun, flooded with rain, without pure water to drink, exposed to frost and heat; to the bullets of brutal guards, used in wanton sport; beaten, bruised, cursed, driven to madness and idiocy, starved into skeletons, presenting the most horrid and ghastly objects ever seen out of the torture chambers of the Spanish Inquisition. Even a photograph of one of these wretched creatures is enough to-day to sicken the sight and stir the heart with a thirst for vengeance. Fourteen thousand of these poor sufferers found relief in death. There are now 12,920 of the victims’ graves to bear witness to the truth of this horrid tale. And yet Jeff Davis and Ben Hill attempt to palliate these hellish outrages, to deny them in fact, and to pretend that Union prisoners were as well fed as the Confederate soldiers, and as well treated as the rebel prisoners at Camp Chase and Elmira. As to the scarcity of the necessaries of life, it is enough to say that Andersonville is in a fruitful section of the country, and when General Sherman marched through Georgia to the sea, he found provisions in plenty.  That the murderous system was pursued deliberately there is ample evidence, and Jeff Davis not only knew all about it, but was responsible for it. Robert Ould was Jeff Davis’ Chief Commissioner for the Exchange of Prisoners. He wrote a letter from City Point to Winder on the exchange of prisoners, in which he tells how the system worked: “The arrangement I have made,” said he “works largely in our favor. We get rid of a miserable set of wretches, and receive some of the best material I ever saw.”

………………………………………………………………………………………………

[Continued from previous]:

            As to Jeff Davis’ “inexcusable privations” after he was captured and in Fortress Monroe, and “the tortures” which he says “Dr. Craven has too faintly described,” we cannot refrain from quoting the following paragraph of H. C. Higginson’s letter to the Philadelphia Ledger. Mr. Higginson was one of the Andersonville Prisoner Delegates to Mr. Lincoln. He says:

            “I was stationed at Fortress Monroe during most of Mr. Davis’ confinement there, and hardly a day passed that I did not make comparison between his condition – nicely quartered in a casement with his wife, family and friends, plenty to eat and drink – Dr. Craven, attending physician, strolling at will around the ramparts, and the recipient of fruits and flowers from outside friends – to the miserable spot where I lay in Andersonville, Georgia, unsheltered from wind and storm, in hunger, filth, nakedness, squalor and disease, and refused even the box of clothing and food sent to my by my friends North, which I saw with my name and address on, and knew that they, the rebel officers and men at Andersonville, used for themselves.”

            If before this Congress met last December, there was a ghost of a chance for the Democracy to carry the next Presidential election, that chance was removed when the leaders of the Southern Democracy arose in their places in Congress and defended or palliated the horrors of Andersonville and eulogized Jeff Davis. “Those whom the gods seek to destroy they first make mad.”                                                            W. G. Brownlow.

Silver Change.

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[Newspaper insert]:

            R. F. H. – will you please publish in the Times what is known as “Mother Shipton’s Prophecy?”

            We have received several requests of late for this alleged prophecy, and give it below:

                        Carriages without horses shall go,

                        And accidents fill the world with woe.

                        Around the world thoughts shall fly

                        In the twinkling of an eye.

                        Water shall yet more wonders do,

                        Now strange, yet shall be true.

                        The world upside down shall be,

                        And gold found at root  of tree.

                        Through hills men shall ride,

                        And no horse or ass be at his side.

                        Under water men shall walk.

                        Shall ride, shall sleep, shall talk.

                        In the air men shall be seen,

                        In white, in black, in green.

                        Iron in the water shall float,

                        As easy as a wooden boat.

                        Gold shall be found and shown,

                        If a land that’s not yet known.

                        Fire and water shall wonders do;

                        England shall at last admit the Jew.

                        The world to an end shall come

                        In eighteen hundred and eighty-one.

[Newspaper insert]:

            Will the Eagle answerer of many questions gratify a young but constant and attentive reader by stating in Sunday’s paper what were the losses of the American and British armies in the War of the Revolution? and very much oblige.                scholar.

            We have at hand a table of the losses and their dates, of which the following copy will doubtless serve your purpose:

                                                                                                British             American

                                                                                                     loss                      loss

Lexington, April 19, 1775………………………………….      273                         81

Bunker Hill, June 17, 1775…………………………………  1,834                       453

Flatbush, August 12, 1775………………………………….      400                       200

White Plains, August 26, 1776……………………………..      400                       400

Trenton, December 25, 1776……………………………….   1,000                           9

Princeton, January 5, 1777………………………………….      400                       100

Hubbardstown, August 7, 1777……………………………..     180                                  800

Bennington, August 16, 1777……………………………….     800                       100

Brandywine, September 11, 1777……………………………     500                1,200

Stillwater, September –, 1777………………………………..     600                    350

Germantown, October 4, 1777……………………………….     600                1,200

Saratoga, October 17, 1777…………………………………..*5,752                    ....

Red Hook, October 22, 1777…………………………………     500                    32

Monmouth, June 25, 1778…………………………………….    400                   130

Rhode Island, August 17, 1778……………………………….     250                  211

Brier Creek, March 30, 1779………………………………….      13                   400

Stony Point, July 15, 1779…………………………………….    600                   100

Camden, August 16, 1780…………………………………….    575                   610

King’s Mountain, October 1, 1780……………………………    950                     96

Cowpen’s, January 17, 1781………………………………….     800                    75

Guilford, March 15, 1781…………………………………….     523                   400

Hobkirk’s Hill, April 15, 1781………………………………..    400                   400

Eutaw Springs, September 8, 1781…………………………… 1,000                   550

Yorktown, October 19, 1781………………………………….*7,072                   …..

Total…………………………………………………………... 25,842                7,900

_____

            *The numbers oppose the battles of Saratoga and Yorktown indicate surrenders.

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[Newspaper insert]:

FREE RIDES ON PALACE CARDS.

______

Rights of Passengers to Seats Where Thy Can Find Them – An Important Case.

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            The New York World contains the following important decision by the New York Court of Appeals in regard to the sight of railroads to enforce extra charge for the use of palace cars by passengers when the usual accommodations are insufficient: On the 16^th day of August, 1870, Henry Peck, desiring, in company with his wife and daughter, to visit Cape Ann, Mass., purchased at the office of the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad, at Norwich, three ticket for Albany, via Utica, receiving the tickets of the Central and Hudson River Railroad Company at Albany, for which he paid the usual fare. Mr. Peck started to board the train which stood in the depot, but was told that he would have to find seats in the forward car, inasmuch as those in the rear were already filled. Acting on this information, he went forward with his family, and find no unoccupied seats in the coaches, went into a drawing-room car and look possession of three chairs. By and by the conductor of the train appeared, took their tickets and passed on. Soon after the special conductor of the palace-car came in and demanded 75 cents extra for each chair as palace-car fare. Peck refused to pay it claiming that he had paid full fare to Albany. At the next stopping-place, Peck, still refusing the demand, was ejected from the train, his wife and daughter following voluntarily. Peck brought suit against the corporation in the Chemung county courts to recover damages. In two courts the juries returned a verdict in his favor. The railroad company carried the case to the Court of Appeals, and the trial, which closed during the present week, ended in a verdict of $3,000 for the plaintiff.

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President Hancock’s Cabinet Fixed.

Cincinnati Dispatch to New York Graphic.

            It is understood that at the meeting of the leaders last night, at which the deal which resulted in General Hancock’s election was arranged, it was understood that in the event of his election the following gentlemen should compose his Cabinet:

            Secretary of State – Senator Bayard, of Delaware.

            Secretary of Treasury – Speaker Randall of Pennsylvania

            Secretary of War – General Preston, of Kentucky

            Secretary of Navy – Mr. Hubbard, of Texas

            Attorney General – Clarkson N. Potter, of New York

            Postmaster General – Gilbert C. Walker

            Secretary of the Interior – Col. Morrison of Illinois.

            Promises were also made respecting the Ambassadorships to England, France and Germany.

            It is said, also, that a good office was promised to Mr. English, of Connecticut.

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TRIBUNE AND HERALD.

Thursday Morning, February 15, 1872.

            Liable for baggage – An important decision has just received affirmation by the New York Court of Appeals. Doratha Rawson sued the Pennsylvania Railroad Company to recover $4,000 for loss of baggage. On behalf of the defense, it was insisted that there was a condition printed on the ticket upon which the plaintiff was riding at the time of the loss, the Company would not be liable to exceed $100, and she could not receive more than that sum. On the trial below, the plaintiff obtained judgment for $4,000, and the Court of Appeals have affirmed that judgment. The decision maintains as law that the clause on the railroad tickets limiting the lost to $100 for baggage, does not so limit such loss. This is a decision of a long-mooted and frequently contested question.

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General Burnside’s Coolness.

            One of the late General Burnside’s old soldiers writes to the Albany “Journal” that the General’s coolness in the face of danger acted like an inspiration upon his men. “I never knew” he adds, “a general officer so beloved by the rank and file of his men. On one occasion he rode past our brigade at midnight, as the men, almost exhausted by a forced march, were resting by the roadside for a few moments. As soon as the ‘boys’ recognized ‘Old Burnie,’ forgetting their weariness, they began to cheer. He raised his hand and said quietly, ‘Not now, boys, not now; we are too near, the enemy,’ and instantly it became as still as though the boys were asleep. His corps, from its frequent removal from one part to another, was dubbed ‘Burnside’s Geography Class,’ and I think it is safe to affirm that no corps engaged in more battles or endured more hardships than the old Ninth; and yet I believe there was not a man in the corps who would not have followed General Burnside to starvation or to the cannon’s mouth, so implicitly did they live in his integrity and patriotism.”